海洋内孤立波斜相互作用的Mach效应特性实验

发布时间：2018-01-05 03:34

本文关键词：海洋内孤立波斜相互作用的Mach效应特性实验　出处：《科学通报》2016年Z1期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：当海洋工程结构物或水下航行器在海洋中遭遇异常大振幅内波时可造成损害甚至失事,海洋内孤立波斜相互作用的Mach效应是一种特殊海洋现象,也是异常大振幅内孤立波的重要成因.为了在实验室模拟具有海洋跃层环境中的内孤立波斜相互作用并控制Mach效应的产生,首先将两只直立无底圆柱筒放置在淡/盐水分布的两层流体环境中,淡/盐水混合区模拟海洋密度跃层,保持筒底与筒外水体的交换,以方便形成筒内外混合区的高度差;再将两柱筒平稳迅速移出,利用柱筒内外淡/盐水混合区高度差的重力塌陷扰动形成两列内孤立波,其在交汇区发生斜相互作用,并借助高清图像处理技术结合几何射线方法完成测量.实验结果表明:两列内孤立波斜相互作用性质取决于分层环境、两柱筒之间距离以及两列内孤立波的波幅和相位,上述方法可有效控制分层流实验水槽中Mach效应的产生.进一步分析表明:两列内孤立波相互作用的Mach效应将导致波幅显著增强,传播速度明显增大,且传播方向受两者振幅大小的控制,振幅相差越大所产生Mach效应的临界夹角越大.此外,通过内孤立波斜相互作用的Mach效应实验结果与Kd V,BO和MCC三种理论模型的比较,实验验证了Mach效应对非线性理论模型的适应性.
[Abstract]:When the ocean engineering structures or underwater vehicle suffered unusually large amplitude internal waves in the ocean can cause damage or even crash, Mach effect wave oblique interaction isolated within the ocean is a special phenomenon of the sea is also very large amplitude internal solitary waves in order to important causes. In the laboratory simulation with marine environment in the thermocline internal solitary wave oblique interaction and Mach control effect, the cylinder is placed in the light / saline distribution in two layer fluid environment without the bottom two erect, light / brine mixing zone simulation of ocean pycnocline, at the bottom of the tube and the water exchange barrel body, to facilitate the formation of height difference tube and mixing zone the two column; steadily removed by column tube and light / brine mixing zone height of the gravity collapse disturbance form two column solitary wave, the oblique interaction in the intersection area, and with the help of high-definition image processing Complete the measurement technique with geometrical ray method. The experimental results show that the two column of solitary wave oblique interaction depends on the nature of hierarchical environment, the distance between the two cylinder and two column of solitary wave amplitude and phase, the method can effectively control the stratified flow Mach effect experiment in flume. Further analysis indicated that the two column isolated Mach effect wave interaction will lead to volatility increased significantly, the propagation velocity increases obviously, and the propagation direction is controlled by both the amplitude and the critical amplitude is bigger angle generated by the Mach effect is greater. In addition, the experimental results of Mach wave oblique effect through the interaction of isolated Kd and V, BO and MCC three the theoretical model, experimental verification of the adaptability of the Mach effect on the nonlinear theoretical model.

【作者单位】：解放军理工大学气象海洋学院;中国海洋大学海洋环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(11472307) 国防基础科学研究计划(QX2015043104A12002)资助
【分类号】：P731.2
【正文快照】： 在内孤立波频发海域,由于潮流与海底地形作用、正压潮通过斜压涡场、海水混合区重力塌陷等过程会诱发层化海洋中产生内孤立波,两列或多列内孤立波经常相遇并发生相互作用,其在作用区域的振幅、波速和相位等会发生改变.当两列内孤立波传播方向夹角和振幅限制在一定范围时,它们

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