黄渤海一氧化碳的分布及源汇研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 21:37

本文关键词：黄渤海一氧化碳的分布及源汇研究　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：一氧化碳(CO)是大气中重要的痕量气体,能够和对流层中主要的氧化剂羟基自由基反应,影响大气中很多化学活性气体的浓度,被认为是一种间接温室气体。海洋是大气中CO的一个重要来源,因而开展海洋中CO的生物地球化学研究具有重要意义。本论文以中国典型的陆架海域——黄渤海为研究海域,系统地研究了黄渤海春季(2012年5月1日-22日)、夏季(2011年6月13日-30日)、秋季(2010年9月8日-22日)和冬季(2012年11月1日-21日,实际上是秋末冬初,为比较季节变化称为冬季)4个季节CO的时空分布特征和表层源汇过程,并对黄渤海表层海水中CO源汇做了平衡估算。本论文主要研究结果如下：(1)黄渤海上空大气中CO具有明显的时空分布特征,渤海4个季节平均[CO]atm为572ppbv,高于黄海4个季节平均值(497 pbv)。从季节上看,渤海[CO]atm按照秋季、冬季、夏季、春季依次降低；而黄海[CO]atm按照秋季、春季、夏季、冬季次序降低,黄渤海均表现为秋季[CO]atm最高。从不同海域来看,渤海在夏季、秋季和冬季均高于黄海,春季低于黄海。(2)黄渤海表层海水中CO的浓度具有明显的时空分布特征,渤海4个季节平均[CO]surf为1.89 nmol L-1,与黄海4个季节平均值(1.82 nmol L-1)基本相同。从季节上看,渤海[CO]surf按照夏季、春季、秋季、冬季依次降低；而黄海[CO]surf按照春季、夏季、秋季、冬季次序降低；黄渤海均是春夏[CO]surf偏高,秋冬季偏低,冬季最低。从不同海域来看,夏秋季渤海[CO]surf高于黄海,春冬季黄海[CO]surf高于渤海。(3)黄渤海CO具有明显的周日变化。CO浓度最高值出现在正午之后,最低值出现在凌晨左右。黄渤海CO具有明显的垂直分布特征,一般来说CO浓度呈现表层高,随深度增加逐渐降低,到一定深度基本保持不变,个别站位底层CO略有增加。(4)黄渤海表层海水CO相对于其上空大气是过饱和的,是黄渤海上空大气中CO的源。从不同海域来看,冬季渤海为其上空大气中CO的汇,其余季节为源,黄海四个季节均为源。黄渤海海-气通量具有明显的时空变化。从季节上看,渤海CO海-气通量按照夏季、春季、秋季、冬季次序降低,黄海按照春季、夏季、秋季、冬季依次降低;总的来说黄渤海CO海-气通量春夏季高,秋冬季低,冬季最低。从不同海域来看,夏季渤海CO海-气通量高于黄海,春季、秋季和冬季渤海CO海-气通量均低于黄海。(5) 黄渤海表层海水CO的来源有光化学生成、暗反应生成和藻类释放。其中有色溶解有机物的光化学降解为主要来源,且CO光致生成速率具有明显的季节变化,按照夏季、春季、秋季、冬季次序降低。黄渤海表层海水CO的汇有海-气扩散和微生物消费,其中微生物消费为主要的汇。黄渤海微生物消费速率也存在明显的季节变化,按照夏季、春季、秋季、冬季依次降低。本论文计算表明,黄渤海表层海水CO的源为56.9-74.6 Gg CO-C yr-1,汇为66.1 Gg CO-C yr-1源汇基本持平,符合海洋稳态理论。
[Abstract]:Carbon monoxide (CO) is an important trace gas in the atmosphere, and the main oxidant hydroxyl radical reactions in the troposphere, affect the atmospheric concentrations of many chemical reactive gases, is considered to be an indirect greenhouse gas. The ocean is an important source of CO in the atmosphere, because of the biological geochemistry research carried out in the ocean CO is of great significance. In this paper, shelf China typical - Huang Bohai as the research area, systematic study of the yellow spring in Bohai (-22 May 1, 2012), summer (June 13, 2011 -30), autumn (September 8, 2010 -22) and winter (November 1, 2012 -21, in the late autumn and early winter, in order to compare the seasonal variation of said for the winter 4 season) CO spatial distribution characteristics and surface source process, and the Bohai yellow CO in the surface waters of the source sink balance estimates. In this thesis, the main results are as follows: (1) Huang Bohai In the atmosphere above CO has obvious temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Bohai, the 4 season average [CO]atm was 572ppbv higher than that of the Yellow Sea, the 4 season average value (497 PBV). From the point of the season, Bohai [CO]atm in autumn, winter, spring and summer, decreasing; the Yellow Sea [CO]atm according to spring, summer, autumn and winter in order to reduce. Huang Bohai showed the highest [CO]atm in autumn. From different waters, Bohai in the summer, autumn and winter were higher than that of the Yellow Sea, spring than the Yellow Sea. (2) had obvious temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of CO concentration in surface waters of Huang Bohai, Bohai for 4 seasons, the average [CO]surf is 1.89 nmol L-1, and the Yellow Sea 4 seasons average (1.82 nmol L-1) is basically the same. From the point of the season, Bohai [CO]surf in spring, summer, autumn and winter were decreased; and the the Yellow Sea [CO]surf in spring, summer, autumn, winter order reduced; Huang Bohai is spring and summer [CO]surf High and low in autumn and winter, lowest in winter. From different waters, summer and autumn in spring and winter in Bohai [CO]surf is higher than that in the Yellow Sea, the Yellow Sea [CO]surf is higher than that of Bohai. (3) Huang Bohai CO on Sunday with the change of.CO concentration obviously the highest value appeared at noon, the lowest in the morning. Huang Bohai CO has the obvious vertical distribution. General CO concentration showed a high surface, gradually decreased with the increasing of depth, to a certain depth remained unchanged, and some sites underlying CO increased slightly. (4) Huang Bohai CO relative to the atmosphere over the sea surface is saturated, Huang Bohai in the atmosphere above CO source. From different sea view, Bohai is the winter sky the atmospheric CO sink, the rest of the season as the source of the Yellow Sea's four season was the source. The Yellow Bohai sea air flux has obvious spatial-temporal change. From the point of the season, the Bohai CO air sea flux in summer, spring, autumn, winter In order to reduce the season, according to the the Yellow Sea spring, summer, autumn and winter are lower; General Huang Bohai CO air sea fluxes in spring and summer, autumn and winter, lowest in winter. From different waters, in summer in Bohai CO air sea flux is higher than that of the Yellow Sea, spring, autumn and winter in Bohai CO air sea fluxes were below the Yellow Sea. (5) source of photochemical generation of Huang Bohai CO in the surface seawater, dark reaction and release of algae. The photochemical degradation of colored dissolved organic matter as the main source, and CO light induced generation rate has obvious seasonal variation, in spring, summer, autumn, winter order reduced. Yellow Bohai sea surface CO the exchange has sea air diffusion and microbial consumption, including microbial consumption as the main sink. Huang Bohai microbial consumption rate has obvious seasonal variation, in spring, summer, autumn and winter were reduced. The calculation results show that, Huang Bohai The surface water source for the 56.9-74.6 CO Gg CO-C yr-1, 66.1 Gg CO-C yr-1 source sink was essentially flat, with ocean steady state theory.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P732;P734

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