山东半岛波浪能资源的调查与模拟分析研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 14:08

本文关键词：山东半岛波浪能资源的调查与模拟分析研究　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：波浪能作为一种无污染的可再生新能源，是海岸地带经济发展的重要组成部分。开发波浪能可以为沿岸地区的发展提供一定能源，降低化石能源的消耗量，减少环境污染。因此，近年来，波浪能越来越多地受到各个沿海国家的重视。从长远利益来看，现阶段投入一定的资金研究这些洁净的、可再生能源，对沿海地区经济发展和环境保护有着十分重要的意义。山东半岛地区经济发达，对能源的需求量较大，调查研究其附近海域的海洋能的分布情况，对山东半岛的长远发展有着极其深远的意义。本文主要对山东半岛周边海域的波浪及波浪能情况进行了研究分析。首先，本文运用第三代波浪模型SWAN，以1996-2011年的风场数据为驱动对山东半岛的波浪进行了模拟，并将模拟结果与3个观测点的观测值进行了比较。比较结果显示该模型对波浪的模拟效果良好。在确定波浪模拟的准确性之后，本文对山东半岛附近海域的波浪情况进行了研究分析，得到了每个月、每个季度的最大和平均有效波高分布图，为港口工程设计提供了参考数据。其次，本文对Kim简化方法、深水简化方法和直接求解法三种波浪能求解方法进行了比较分析。比较结果显示，Kim简化方法和深水简化方法计算出的波浪能密度值都比直接求解法的计算值略大，并且Kim简化方法计算出的数值与直接求解法计算出的数值之间的偏差要大于深水简化法相应的偏差；但，两种简化方法与直接求解法之间都有很强的相关性，均可用来进行波浪能的求解计算；此外，相较于直接求解法和深水简化方法，Kim简化方法的求解方式更为简单、快捷。再次，本文对山东半岛波浪能的分布情况进行了研究。研究发现，成山头附近海域波浪能较为丰富。为进一步探究山东半岛波浪能的具体情况，本文选取了较有代表性的成山头（位于半岛东部）、黄河口三角洲（位于半岛北部）和琅琊台（位于半岛南部）三个地点进行了重点研究，得出了这3个地点处波浪能的月分布情况、波浪的主要来向、波浪能在各个方向上的分布情况及有效波高、波能周期与能量的联合分布图，为波浪能开发装置的布设和选取提供了依据。最后，本文运用Delft3D-SWAN模块研究了波浪发电装置的布设对相应海域波高和波生流流速的影响情况。研究发现：布设波浪能发电装置之后，其附近海域的波高将明显变小，波生流流速也呈现出变小的趋势。但，局部地区波生流流速会出现增大的情况。这主要是由于该地区水深地形情况比较复杂。在布设波浪发电装置之前，该区域会受到岛屿或者陆地的屏蔽。布设波浪发电装置之后，波浪发生衍射，，衍射后波浪的传播方向会与波浪原来的传播方向略有差异。岛屿或者陆地对这些衍射后的波浪的屏蔽作用较小。致使波生流流速出现增大的现象。波高变化受水深地形的影响也较大。波浪在经过发电装置后，产生衍射，波高会逐渐恢复。但，当周围有小型岛屿时，波高的恢复会被该岛屿削弱。
[Abstract]:Wave energy is a new energy renewable and pollution-free, is an important part of the coastal zone economic development. The development of wave energy can provide energy for the development of coastal areas, reduce the consumption of fossil energy, reducing environmental pollution. Therefore, in recent years, wave energy more and more attention by all coastal countries. In the long term, on the clean, some capital investment at the present stage of renewable energy, has a very important significance for economic development and environmental protection in coastal areas. The area of Shandong peninsula economic development, greater demand for energy, the distribution of the investigation on the waters near the ocean, has the extremely profound the significance of the long-term development of the Shandong peninsula. This paper focuses on the surrounding waters of Shandong Peninsula waves and wave energy were analyzed.
First of all, this paper uses the third generation wave model SWAN, the wind field data of 1996-2011 is driven to simulate the Shandong Peninsula waves, and the simulation results with the 3 observation points are compared. The results show that the simulation effect of this model on wave. After determining the accuracy of wave simulation. In this paper, the wave of the sea near Shandong Peninsula are analyzed, obtained each month, each quarter of the maximum and average wave height distribution, provided reference data for the design of port engineering.
Secondly, based on simplified Kim method, simplified method and direct method of deep water waves can solve three kinds of methods were compared and analyzed. The comparison results show that the simplified Kim method and simplified method to calculate the wave energy density of deep value than the calculation of the direct solution method are slightly larger, the deviation between the numerical method and numerical solution of direct and and the simplified Kim method to calculate the calculated is greater than the corresponding deviation of the simplified method of deep water; however, there is a strong correlation between the two kinds of simplified method and direct method, can be used to solve the wave energy calculation; in addition, compared with the direct solving method and the simplified method for solving Kim deep, simplified method the more simple, quick.
Again, this paper studied the distribution of Shandong peninsula of wave energy. The study found that a hill near the sea wave energy is abundant. To further explore the specific situation of Shandong Peninsula wave, this paper selects a representative of the Chengshantou (located in the east of the peninsula), Yellow River Delta (in the northern part of the peninsula and Langya) Taiwan (southern peninsula) three locations were studied, the monthly distribution of the 3 locations of wave energy, wave mainly to the distribution of wave energy in all directions and wave height, wave energy distribution and energy combined cycle, provide the basis for the layout of the waves can the development of device and selection.
Finally, this paper uses Delft3D-SWAN module layout effect of wave power generation device of wave height and wave velocity of the corresponding area of students. It is found that the distribution of wave energy power generation device, the waters near the wave height will be significantly smaller, wave induced flow velocity also shows a decreasing trend. However, local wave flow velocity will appear increases. This is mainly due to the complicated topography area. Before setting wave generating device, the region will be blocked by islands or land. After the layout of wave power generation device, generating wave diffraction, diffraction wave propagation direction and wave propagation direction of the original will be slightly different. These islands or land on the diffraction wave shielding effect is small. The wave induced flow velocity increases. The wave height change affected by topography in the wave are large. A power generation device, produce diffraction, wave height will gradually recover. However, when there is a small island, the island is height recovery would be weakened.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P743.2

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