黄渤海表层水中汞的形态及分布特征

发布时间：2018-01-11 03:28

本文关键词：黄渤海表层水中汞的形态及分布特征　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：汞以不同的形态存在海水中，不同的形态影响到生物可利用性及其迁移转化，因此本文测定了夏季和秋季黄渤海表层水中溶解态汞（DHg）、颗粒态汞（PHg）、甲基汞（MeHg）和溶解性气态汞（DGM）的含量，以研究它们的时间和区域分布特征，为研究海洋中汞的生物地球化学行为提供参考。研究结果如下：夏季渤海表层水中DHg、PHg和MeHg的含量分别为3.2±0.8ng/L、1.9±1.1ng/L和0.3±0.2ng/L。DHg和MeHg均呈现西部海域高、中南部海域低的分布特征，，PHg近岸的含量高于中央海域。黄海表层水中DHg、PHg和MeHg的含量分别为3.4±1.0ng/L、2.0±1.6ng/L和0.6±0.4ng/L。DHg在青岛南部海域和长江口东北部海域含量最高，MeHg在朝鲜半岛西部沿岸、山东半岛东部海域和长江口东部海域含量最高，PHg近岸的含量高于中央海域，在黄河口、鸭绿江入海口和古黄河入海口附近海域表现的尤其明显。秋季渤海表层水中DHg、PHg、MeHg和DGM的含量分别为6.6±2.8ng/L、4.6±1.3ng/L、0.7±0.4ng/L和66±21pg/L。DHg的含量为南北两端海域高、中部海域低，PHg在整个海域中含量都很高，MeHg为中央海域高于近岸，DGM为东南海域高、西北海域低。黄海表层水中DHg、PHg、MeHg和DGM的含量分别为6.1±3.4ng/L、2.7±1.2ng/L、0.4±0.2ng/L和71±28pg/L。DHg在北黄海和山东半岛东南沿岸附近海域含量最高；PHg在北黄海和江苏沿岸含量比较高，MeHg在长江口东部海域含量较高，DGM的含量为近岸高中央海域低。黄渤海区域海水汞的含量季节变化明显，渤海、北黄海和南黄海表层水中DHg的含量均是夏季秋季；PHg的含量均是夏季秋季；MeHg的含量在不同的海域中表现出不同的季节变化，渤海甲基汞的含量夏季秋季，北黄海则相反，南黄海夏季甲基汞的含量与秋季相当。夏季DHg、PHg、MeHg的含量受河流及地表径流输入的影响明显，辽东湾、渤海湾、青岛和大连临近海域、长江口临近海域受此影响比较明显；秋季采样时多为大风天气，导致海底沉积物再悬浮，释放出的汞进入水体中，因此秋季水体中DHg、PHg、MeHg和DGM的含量主要受风力的影响。夏季和秋季黄渤海表层水中总汞的平均浓度水平高于天然表层海水的背景值，低于国家海水一类海水标准值。
[Abstract]:Mercury exists in seawater in different forms. Different forms affect bioavailability and migration and transformation. Therefore, the dissolved mercury in the surface water of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in summer and autumn has been determined. The contents of PHG, MeHg and DGM) in order to study their temporal and regional distribution. To provide a reference for the study of the biogeochemical behavior of mercury in the ocean. The results are as follows: In summer, the contents of DHG PHg and MeHg in surface water of Bohai Sea are 3.2 卤0.8ng / L, respectively. The distribution characteristics of 1.9 卤1.1 ng / L and 0.3 卤0.2 ng / L DHg and MeHg were higher in the western sea area and lower in the central and southern sea areas. The content of PHg near shore is higher than that in central sea. The contents of PHg and MeHg in surface water of Huang Hai are 3.4 卤1.0 ng / L, respectively. The concentrations of 2.0 卤1.6ng / L and 0.6 卤0.4ng / L DHg are highest in the southern part of Qingdao and in the northeast of the Yangtze River Estuary, along the western coast of the Korean Peninsula. The contents of PHg near the east of Shandong Peninsula and the eastern waters of the Yangtze River Estuary are higher than those of the central sea area, especially in the Yellow River estuary, Yalu River estuary and the ancient Yellow River estuary. In autumn, the contents of DGM and DGM in the surface water of Bohai Sea were 6.6 卤2.8 ng / L, 4.6 卤1.3 ng / L, respectively. The contents of 0.7 卤0.4ng / L and 66 卤21pg / L DHg in the north and south waters were high, and the low PHg content in the central sea was very high in the whole sea area. The MeHg in the central sea was higher than that in the coastal area, and was higher in the southeast and lower in the northwest sea. The contents of MeHg and DGM in the surface water of the Yellow Sea were 6.1 卤3.4 ng / L, respectively. The concentrations of 2.7 卤1.2 ng / L 0.4 卤0.2 ng / L and 71 卤28 PG / L DHg were the highest in the waters near the southeast coast of the Shandong Peninsula and north Huang Hai. The content of PHg in the eastern waters of the Yangtze Estuary is higher than that in the northern Huang Hai and Jiangsu coastal areas, and the content of PHg is lower in the coastal high central sea area. The seasonal variation of sea water mercury content in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea is obvious. The DHg content in the surface water of Bohai Sea, North Yellow Sea and South Yellow Sea is in summer and autumn. The content of PHg was in summer and autumn. The content of MeHg in different sea areas showed different seasonal variations. The content of methylmercury in Bohai Sea was different in summer and autumn, whereas that in North Huang Hai was opposite, and the content of methylmercury in South Huang Hai was similar to that in autumn. In summer, the content of DHgGN MeHg is obviously affected by the river and surface runoff input, and the adjacent sea areas of Liaodong Bay, Bohai Bay, Qingdao and Dalian, and the Changjiang Estuary are affected more obviously. Most of the samples in autumn were windy weather, which led to the resuspension of sediments and the release of mercury into the water body. Therefore, the contents of DGM and DGM in the autumn water were mainly affected by wind. The average concentration of total mercury in the surface water of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in summer and autumn is higher than the background value of the natural surface water and lower than the standard value of the sea water of China.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X55

【参考文献】