黄渤海氮磷营养盐的分布、收支与生态环境效应

发布时间：2018-01-12 22:16

本文关键词：黄渤海氮磷营养盐的分布、收支与生态环境效应　出处：《中国环境科学》2016年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于在黄渤海的综合调查结果,分析了水体和沉积物间隙水中溶解无机氮(DIN)和溶解无机磷(DIP)的分布;结合历史数据构建了黄渤海DIN和DIP的收支模型,并分析了陆源输入变化对研究区域生态环境的影响.结果表明,黄渤海DIN和DIP的含量受季节、河流输入和沉积物界面扩散作用的影响,具有秋季高于春季和近岸高于离岸的时空分布特征.收支模型计算结果表明,底界面扩散是黄渤海水体DIN的主要来源,其次是大气、周边河流、地下水和东海的输入;黄渤海水体DIN的支出主要是通过沉积埋藏和反硝化.黄渤海水体DIP的来源主要是磷酸盐吸附解吸,占91%,底界面扩散和大气输入为其次,河流和地下水的输入贡献较小.DIP的支出主要是通过沉积埋藏和向东海的输出.黄渤海每年有11Gmol的氮在水体积累,并导致其浓度提高约0.6μmol/(L·a).近些年来陆地向黄渤海输入氮的持续增加,加剧了氮营养盐的积累,导致非硅藻类浮游植物比例以及赤潮发生频率和面积显著增加,同时还提高了水体初级生产力和海洋磷的埋藏量以及加剧了磷限制的趋势,并可能威胁生态系统的稳定.
[Abstract]:Comprehensive survey results in the Yellow Bohai based on the analysis of water and sediment interstitial water of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) distribution; construction budget model DIN Huang Bohai and DIP combined with the historical data, and analyzes the influence of terrestrial input variation on the study area of the ecological environment. The results show that the content of DIN and DIP in the Yellow Bohai affected by seasonal effects, diffusion of fluvial input and sediment interface, with higher in autumn than in spring and in the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of offshore. Results budget model shows that the bottom interface diffusion is the main source of Huang Bohai DIN in the water, followed by the atmosphere, the surrounding rivers, groundwater and the Yellow Sea input; Bohai water DIN spending is mainly through the sedimentary burial and denitrification. The source water of Bohai yellow DIP is mainly of phosphate adsorption and desorption, accounted for 91%, the bottom interface diffusion and atmospheric input for the second river Input.DIP and smaller contribution of groundwater expenditure is mainly through the sedimentary burial and the output to the East China Sea. The accumulation of nitrogen in water 11Gmol Huang Bohai every year, resulting in increased concentration of about 0.6 mol/ (L - a). In recent years the land into the Yellow Bohai input of nitrogen increasing, increased nitrogen nutrients accumulation, resulting in non diatom phytoplankton and red tide occurrence frequency and area ratio increased significantly, but also improve the burial rate of the primary productivity of the water and sea of phosphorus and phosphorus limitation exacerbated the trend, and could threaten the stability of the ecosystem.

【作者单位】：国家海洋局第一海洋研究所生态研究中心;中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41376093,41106072)
【分类号】：X55;P734.44
【正文快照】： 营养盐的浓度和结构深刻影响着海洋浮游植物初级生产力和种群结构[1-2].近年来,人类活动改变了陆架边缘海营养盐的水平和循环模式,导致近海富营养化加重,有害赤潮频发,以及浮游生物群落改变等[3-7],这严重威胁甚至破坏了海洋生态系统的稳定.因此,陆架边缘海营养盐的生物地球化

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