海水二氧化碳现场快速检测传感器技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 14:05

本文关键词：海水二氧化碳现场快速检测传感器技术研究　出处：《浙江海洋大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人类社会工业化发展,大量的化石燃料被作为能源物质使用。化石燃料的燃烧不仅污染了环境,而且也产生了大量的二氧化碳,使得大气中的二氧化碳含量逐年增加。由于在大气二氧化碳增加的过程中,海水中溶解的二氧化碳也会上升,导致海洋酸化,使得海水中p H值降低,促进碳酸钙等物质在海水中的溶解度,珊瑚和贝壳类生物受到伤害,海洋渔业将也受到这种影响,威胁着人类需求不断上升的海产品的数量和质量。二氧化碳在全球碳酸盐体系的生物化学和物理循环中扮演着重要角色,实现海水中二氧化碳的现场快速测量对于全球二氧化碳变化,海洋渔业生产都具有重大意义。目前测定海水二氧化碳的方法有很多,其检测的原理都是通过分离海水溶液中的二氧化碳气体,然后对分离出的二氧化碳气体进行检测,但是大部分方法只适用于实验室检测,较少能直接用于海水的现场检测。本学位论文建立了全固态碳酸根离子选择性电极直接现场快速检测海水二氧化碳的化学分析方法,该方法突破传统方法中需要对海水样品预处理的局限,并且测定过程几乎不会受到外界干扰,而且对海水各组分阴离子均有良好选择性。通过电极优化,逐步探索出了使用该电极对于海水测定的各项最佳条件,并以此为基础构建海水二氧化碳现场快速检测系统。本文包括以下两个方面的内容:一、建立了全固态离子选择性电极测定海水中碳酸根的方法。传统的检测方法需要对海水进行预处理提取出海水中的无机碳酸盐,或者直接分离海水中的二氧化碳气体进行检测。而本方法的建立省去了对样品预处理的步骤,使得测定过程变得简单快速,且易于操作,能实现自动化测量。且该方法的特征是通过海水中存在的碳酸平衡关系间接计算得到二氧化碳的值,结果更准确。通过对碳酸根离子选择性电极性能的研究发现,在空白背景下其对碳酸根的检测限为7×10-6mol·L~(-1),电极对碳酸根离子响应斜率为-29.6 m V·decade~(-1)。该电极对海水中其他阴离子具有很好的选择性,对海水中干扰最大的阴离子Cl-的选择性系数为-5.70,对海水中其他阴离子SO_4~(2-)、Br~-、NO_3~-、NO_2~-、SCN~-、ClO_4~-等干扰离子的选择性系数分别为-6.29、-5.58、-4.23、-4.33、-3.75、-2.83。在海水背景下,人工海水工作曲线的检测限为7×10~(-6) mol·L~(-1),曲线的斜率为-24 m V·decade~(-1),电极对该背景下的碳酸根浓度能斯特线性响应范围为10~(-3.0)—10~(-4.5) mol·L~(-1)。上述研究表明,研制出的碳酸根离子选择性电极可用于海水中二氧化碳的测定。二、以全固态碳酸根离子选择性电极为基础,构建了海水二氧化碳现场快速检测传感器系统。该系统包括了流路系统、检测池、检测系统三大功能区域。其中流路系统的主要功能是负责引入海水进入和排出检测池。检测池的主要功能是给系统提供检测空间,放置检测系统的传感器部分,同时起到保护传感器的作用,使其减少受到的海水腐蚀,并防止生物附着在传感器上。检测系统是这个系统的核心,包含了2个子系统,分别是数据采集系统用于数据采集和控制/数据采取处理系统用于数据处理。
[Abstract]:With the development of industrialization of human society, a large number of fossil fuel as energy sources. The combustion of fossil fuels not only pollute the environment, but also produces large amounts of carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has increased year by year. Because of the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide dissolved in seawater will rise, leading to ocean acidification, the water in the P H value decreased, promote the solubility of calcium carbonate substances in seawater, coral and shellfish harm, marine fishery will also be affected by this, threatening the quality and quantity of human rising demand for seafood. Carbon dioxide plays an important role in the global carbonate system of chemical and physical biological cycle the implementation of carbon dioxide in seawater, rapid measurement for global carbon dioxide changes, has great significance for marine fishery production. At present there are many methods for determination of carbon dioxide in seawater, the detection principle is through the separation of carbon dioxide in seawater solution, and then tested for carbon dioxide gas separation, but most methods are only applicable to laboratory testing, less can be directly used for on-site detection of sea water. This paper established a solid carbonate ion selective electrode direct on-site rapid detection methods for chemical analysis of carbon dioxide in seawater, the method breaks through the traditional method of water sample pretreatment and determination process limitations, almost not subject to outside interference, but also for each seawater anionic has good selectivity. The electrode optimization, and gradually explore the use of the electrode for the optimal conditions for the determination of seawater, and based on the construction of rapid detection system of carbon dioxide in seawater field. This paper includes the following two Aspects: a method was established for all solid state ion selective electrode for the determination of carbonate in seawater. The traditional detection methods require inorganic carbonate pretreatment to extract the sea water to the sea, to detect or direct separation of carbon dioxide in seawater gas. This method eliminates the need for sample pretreatment steps, the determination of the process becomes simple and rapid, and easy operation, can realize automatic measurement. And the feature of the method is to get the value calculated by the indirect carbon dioxide in seawater carbonate balance between the more accurate results. Through the research on the properties of carbonate ion selective electrode found in blank background on carbonate detection limit of 7 * 10-6mol L~ (-1), carbonate ion electrode on the response slope of -29.6 m V decade~ (-1). The electrode has a good selection of other anions in seawater And on the selectivity coefficient anion Cl- maximum interference in seawater was -5.70, SO_4~ of other anions in seawater (2-), Br~-, NO_3~-, NO_2~-, SCN~-, ClO_4~- and other interfering ion selectivity coefficients were -6.29, -5.58, -4.23, -4.33, -3.75, -2.83. in seawater under the background, the detection limit of artificial seawater work the curve is 7 * 10~ (-6) mol - L~ (-1), the slope of the curve is -24 m V decade~ (-1), the concentration of carbonate electrode under the background of the Nernst linear response range of 10~ (-3.0) - 10~ (-4.5) mol - L~ (-1). The research shows. Carbonate ion selective electrode is developed that can be used for the determination of carbon dioxide in seawater. Two, the solid carbonate ion selective electrode based construction of carbon dioxide in seawater on-site rapid detection sensor system. The system includes a flow path detection system, detection system pool, the three functional areas. The current road system The main function is responsible for the introduction of sea water into the pool. The main function of detection and discharge detection pool is supplied to the system detection space, sensor placement detection system, and plays an important role in protecting the sensor, the decrease of seawater corrosion by, and prevent biofouling on the sensor. The detection system is the core of the system. Includes 2 subsystems, namely data acquisition system for data acquisition and control / data processing system for taking data processing.

【学位授予单位】：浙江海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P734.4;S913

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