沙尘影响下海雾过程气溶胶和雾水组分特征

发布时间：2018-01-15 05:09

本文关键词：沙尘影响下海雾过程气溶胶和雾水组分特征　出处：《中国沙漠》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：对2010年3月广东湛江东海岛海雾外场观测试验中获得的雾水样本和气溶胶资料进行分析,研究了海雾中气溶胶和雾水组分的特性以及沙尘过程对其演变的影响。结果表明:东海岛的气溶胶数浓度比内陆城市低1个数量级,环境相对清洁,其早晚的峰值明显,午后存在一个低值。气溶胶谱呈单峰分布,峰值半径为0.02~0.1μm。雾日的气溶胶数浓度明显低于非雾日,最大值分别集中在0.05~0.1μm和0.1~0.5μm。雾过程开始后气溶胶数密度下降,尤其是小粒子端数密度减少显著;雾过程结束后气溶胶数密度会恢复到正常数值。受沙尘影响的过程中雾水中Ca2+和Mg2+明显增加,气溶胶粒子谱拓宽,直径大于1μm的气溶胶数密度高于其他雾过程;沙尘过境后气溶胶谱变窄,数密度显著减少,离子浓度较低。
[Abstract]:The fog water samples and aerosol data obtained from the sea fog field observation in the East Sea Island of Zhanjiang Guangdong Province in March 2010 were analyzed. The characteristics of aerosol and fogwater components in sea fog and the influence of sand and dust process on their evolution were studied. The results show that the concentration of aerosol number in East Island is one order of magnitude lower than that in inland cities and the environment is relatively clean. The peak value in the morning and evening is obvious, and there is a low value in the afternoon. The aerosol spectrum has a single peak distribution, and the peak radius is 0.02 ~ 0. 1 渭 m. The aerosol number concentration in the fog day is obviously lower than that in the non-fog day. The maximum values were 0. 05 ~ 0. 1 渭 m and 0. 1 ~ 0. 5 渭 m respectively. The number density of aerosol decreased after the fog process began, especially the end number density of small particles. The number density of aerosol will return to the normal value after the fog process. The Ca2 and Mg2 in the fog water increase obviously and the aerosol particle spectrum is widened during the process affected by sand dust. The number density of aerosol with diameter greater than 1 渭 m is higher than that of other fog processes. The aerosol spectrum becomes narrower, the number density decreases significantly and the ion concentration is lower.
【作者单位】：武汉中心气象台;南京信息工程大学大气物理学院气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41275151和41375138) 湖北省气象局科技发展基金面上项目(2014Y05)
【分类号】：X513;P732
【正文快照】： 0引言气溶胶是地球-大气系统的重要组成部分,是影响空气环境质量的重要污染物。沙尘过程对气溶胶的作用体现在粗粒子浓度的增加,PM10可占到80%以上,可由单纯的沙尘气溶胶转变为沙尘-污染气溶胶[1]。气溶胶的特征(数浓度、大小分布、化学成分)对雾的形成时间和地点有很大影响[2

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