生态文明目标下海洋环境污染治理对策研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 21:08

本文关键词：生态文明目标下海洋环境污染治理对策研究　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海洋环境污染问题是21世纪我国最重要的环境问题之一，海洋环境污染治理是建设生态文明的内在要求，海洋环境污染治理也成为衡量一个国家与地区文明和现代化程度的重要标志。西方发达国家经历工业文明带来的危机后，西方发达已陆续展开海洋环境污染治理，其中美国切萨皮克海湾和日本濑户内海是典型海洋环境污染治理的案例，治理的结果是海洋环境得到改善，并形成具有可借鉴意义的治理经验。相比西方发达国家，我国海洋环境污染治理有待推进，1999年的《海洋环境保护法》的出台，这为海洋环境污染治理提供的法律基础。而历经10多年的发展，我国海洋环境污染治理取得了一定成绩，但海洋环境污染治理中仍然存在诸多阻滞性因素，与严峻的海洋环境污染的现实，我国海洋环境污染治理还需要政府进一步努力，同时需要公众、企业等社会组织的共同努力，实现海洋环境污染治理由“管理”向“治理”转变。本文采取了文献研究、比较分析法等方法，分析了海洋环境污染治理中的问题，主要有沿海行政区划的分散性与海洋环境整体性的悖论、海洋环境污染治理中地方政府的双重性角色以及海洋环境污染治理中政府的非理性行为；而产生问题的原因有海洋生态理念不高、海洋环境污染治理的法律体系不完善、海洋环境污染治理的体制不顺畅以及海洋环境污染治理的其他主体参与有限等问题。试图从加大生态文明理念宣传、完善治理法律、畅通管理体制与海洋环保组织参与治理这四个角度提出具体的建议，以提高我国海洋环境污染治理的有效性，实现对海洋环境污染由“管理”转向“治理”。但我国海洋环境污染治理还有一段很长的路要走，正可谓“海洋生态尚未文明，，治理路径任重道远”。
[Abstract]:In 21th century, marine environmental pollution is one of the most important environmental problems in China, and the management of marine environmental pollution is the inherent requirement of the construction of ecological civilization. Marine environmental pollution control has also become an important symbol to measure the civilization and modernization of a country and a region. After the western developed countries experienced the crisis brought by industrial civilization, the western developed countries have carried out marine environmental pollution control one after another, among which the Chesapeake Bay in the United States and the Seto Sea in Japan are typical cases of marine environmental pollution treatment. The result of governance is the improvement of marine environment and the formation of significant governance experience. Compared with western developed countries, marine environmental pollution control in China needs to be promoted. In 1999, the Marine Environment Protection Law was issued, which provided the legal basis for marine environmental pollution control. After more than 10 years of development, China has made certain achievements in marine environmental pollution control. However, there are still many blocking factors in marine environmental pollution control, and the reality of severe marine environmental pollution, marine environmental pollution control in China needs further efforts by the government and the public at the same time. Enterprises and other social organizations make joint efforts to realize the transformation from "management" to "governance" of marine environmental pollution control. This paper adopts the methods of literature research and comparative analysis to analyze the problems in the management of marine environmental pollution, including the paradox between the dispersion of coastal administrative divisions and the integrity of marine environment. The dual role of the local government in marine environmental pollution control and the irrational behavior of the government in the marine environmental pollution control; The reasons for the problems are that the concept of marine ecology is not high, and the legal system of marine environmental pollution control is not perfect. The system of marine environmental pollution control is not smooth and the participation of other subjects in marine environmental pollution control is limited. In order to improve the effectiveness of marine environmental pollution control in China, the smooth management system and the participation of marine environmental organizations in governance of the four angles put forward specific proposals. The realization of marine environmental pollution from "management" to "governance", but there is still a long way to go to control marine environmental pollution in China, which is "marine ecology has not yet civilized, the road of governance is a long way".
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X55

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