盐城滨海港区防波堤建设对水下地形的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-24 19:54

本文关键词： 滨海港区防波堤冲淤变化废黄河三角洲　出处：《海洋科学》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：利用双频测深仪和声学多普勒流速仪对滨海港区附近海域进行了区域测深和定点全潮水文观测,通过与以往调查研究资料的对比,分析了防波堤建成前后海底冲淤变化特征。研究结果表明:近20年以来水下岸坡为侵蚀最剧烈的区域,海底平原则处于相对稳定状态;受自然侵蚀的影响,水下岸坡继续向岸内移,目前最强侵蚀区已内移至 8~ 12 m水深的水下岸坡;近年来自然侵蚀明显减弱,年均侵蚀速率约为前10年的1/4;受防波堤挡流效应的影响,口门南侧已由往复流转变为旋转流;目前已出现三大淤积区域,其中以口门处淤积最严重,最大淤积厚达3.5 m,已造成口门处水深不足 10 m;防波堤对周边海域直接影响范围约13.4 km~2,最远可达废黄河口。分析认为,防波堤建设是引起港区海底冲淤格局发生变化的主因。该研究为防波堤的后续维护及滨海港区30万t级航道工程论证提供了基础资料。
[Abstract]:By using dual-frequency sounder and acoustic Doppler velocimeter, the regional bathymetry and fixed-point full-tide observations were carried out near the coastal port area, and the results were compared with the previous investigation and research data. The characteristics of submarine erosion and siltation before and after the breakwater are analyzed. The results show that the underwater bank slope is the most severe erosion area in the last 20 years, and the submarine plain is relatively stable; Under the influence of natural erosion, the underwater bank slope continues to move inward, and the strongest erosion area has been moved inward to the underwater bank slope with a depth of 8 ~ 12 m. In recent years, natural erosion has weakened obviously, and the average annual erosion rate is about 1 / 4 of that of the previous 10 years. Affected by the blocking effect of breakwater, the south side of the entrance has changed from reciprocating flow to rotating flow. At present, there are three major siltation areas, of which the most serious is at the entrance, the maximum deposition thickness is up to 3.5 m, which has caused the water depth at the entrance to be less than 10 m. The direct influence of breakwater on the surrounding sea area is about 13.4 km2, the furthest reaches to the waste Yellow River Estuary. The construction of breakwater is the main cause of the change of seabed scour and siltation pattern in port area. This study provides basic data for the subsequent maintenance of breakwater and the engineering demonstration of 300,000 t waterway in coastal port area.
【作者单位】：江苏省有色金属华东地质勘查局地球化学勘查与海洋地质调查研究院;
【基金】：中国地质调查局海洋地质保障工程专项(GZH201200506) 江苏沿海地区综合地质调查专项(苏国土资发[2014]47号)~~
【分类号】：P737;U656.2
【正文快照】： 苏北废黄河三角洲沿岸为开敞淤泥质海岸,由黄河1128~1855年南徙时带来的巨量泥沙堆积而成[1-5]。供沙条件变化是海岸淤蚀的主要原因之一[6-8],自1855年黄河改道之后,泥沙供应大幅减少,废黄河口也开始了自然侵蚀的进程[8-11]。在经过100多年的侵蚀后,海岸线已后退约30 km[6,8],

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