3种典型潮滩沉积物微塑料分离方法研究

发布时间：2018-02-06 07:52

本文关键词： 微塑料密度分选潮滩沉积物分离方法　出处：《水生态学杂志》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：针对我国海岸带环境中微塑料监测方法缺乏标准化和系统化问题,探讨和改进了直接浮选法(方法 A)、分液漏斗法(方法 B)和容量瓶法(方法 C)3种典型的潮滩沉积物微塑料检测方法,并探究了沉积物粒径和聚合物类型对其分离效果的影响。经检验,3种方法对潮滩沉积物中尺寸约为1 mm的高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和聚丙烯(PP)等5种常见聚合物颗粒的平均分离效率达到(91±7)%,且聚合物类型并不会影响分离效果(P0.05)。方法 B在分离效率和稳定性方面明显优于其他2种方法(P0.05),对于粗砂(0.5~1.0 mm)、粉砂(0.004~0.063 mm)和泥质(0.004 mm)3类潮滩沉积物中的微塑料颗粒均有着良好的分离(95%±3%)。沉积物粒径会显著影响提取效果,呈现出随着沉积物粒径的增大、微塑料分离效率提高的趋势(P0.05)。利用方法 B对系列现场调查样品进行了测定,结果显示,海州湾北部绣针河口、赣榆港码头和高公岛乡潮滩沉积物中微塑料数量丰度分别为34.97~144.33 n/kg、43.70~119.9 n/kg和372.98~1 103.02 n/kg;质量浓度分别为2.56~10.70 mg/kg、1.01~5.92 mg/kg和3.36~8.48 mg/kg。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the lack of standardization and systematization of microplastics monitoring methods in coastal environment of China, the direct flotation method (method A) is discussed and improved. In this paper, three typical methods for detecting microplastics in tidal flat sediments were studied, and the effects of sediment particle size and polymer type on the separation effect were investigated by means of split funnel method (method B) and volumetric flask method (method C). High density polyethylene (HDPE) of about 1 mm in size in tidal flat sediments was studied by three methods. The average separation efficiency of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polypropylene (PP) was 91 卤7%. And the type of polymer does not affect the separation effect. Method B is superior to the other two methods in separation efficiency and stability. For coarse sand 0. 5 ~ 1. 0 mm). The microplastic particles in the sediments of the silt sand (0.004 ~ 0.063mm) and the muddy (0.004 mm)3) tidal flat sediments have a good separation of 95% 卤3%. Sediment particle size significantly affected the extraction effect. The results show that the separation efficiency of microplastics increases with the increase of sediment particle size. The method B is used to determine a series of field investigation samples. The results show that the northern Haizhou Bay embroidery Needle Estuary. The abundance of microplastics in the sediments of Ganyu Port Wharf and Gaogongdao Township is 34.97 ~ 144.33 n/ kg, respectively. 43.70% 119.9 nr / kg and 372.98 nkg-1 103.02 nkg; The mass concentrations were 2.56 ~ 10.70 mg 路kg ~ (-1) mg/kg and 3.36 ~ 8.48 mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1), respectively.
【作者单位】：淮海工学院海洋生命与水产学院;江苏省海洋资源开发研究院;江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室;
【基金】：江苏省产学研前瞻性联合研究项目(BY2016057-08) 国家自然科学基金项目(40906054) 连云港市科技计划项目(CXY1322;CN1206) 淮海工学院自然科学基金项目(Z2015010) 江苏省优势学科建设工程项目
【分类号】：X55;X834

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