威海中心渔港岸滩冲淤数模研究及对策建议

发布时间：2018-02-28 17:00

本文关键词： 水动力环境数模研究岸滩冲淤修复方案　出处：《中国海洋大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在过去的十年里,伴随着我国经济的迅速发展,在沿海地区的用海需求量急剧增加,截至目前,我国围海总面积已超过十万公顷。围填海活动拉升地方经济的力量不容小视,然而一系列环境问题也接踵而至,比如围填海工程改变了原有的海洋动力环境,对海洋的其他功能也会造成影响,我们值得深入研究和探讨的。围填海工程对环境的主要影响是：使海湾面积减小,海湾纳潮量缩减,整体水动力环境改变。这些都会改变海湾泥沙冲淤环境,产生新的泥沙冲刷、淤积问题,进而改变海湾原有的基本功能。威海中心渔港为适应渔业经济快速发展的需求,于2006年在葡萄滩湾湾口建立了1320米的引堤,借以保障渔船免受外海风浪袭击。围海工程实施前的研究论证认为,湾口引堤的修建可以有效地减小海浪的入射,令外海泥沙无法进入湾内,不会使葡萄滩湾受到泥沙冲淤的影响,而原有水深地形也不会因此遭到改变。但是自2009年来,即威海中心渔港围海工程完成后的两年内,葡萄滩湾的西侧内湾出现严重的泥沙淤积问题,而葡萄滩湾东侧高质量的海水浴场沙滩遭到了较为严重的冲刷。本文主要采用数值模拟与数据分析相结合的方式,由模拟结果分析了威海中心渔港围海工程建设前后水动力环境的变化和冲淤环境的变化,研究了围海工程前后葡萄滩湾水动力环境的差异。主要发现：(1)威海中心渔港围海工程,有效地减小了外海波浪的入射,使得葡萄滩湾湾内海浪波高减小；(2)威海中心渔港围海工程改变了葡萄滩湾内的潮流运动规律,使得潮流场显著减弱,水动力条件明显弱化；(3)威海中心渔港围海工程后,葡萄滩湾西侧海域发生大规模泥沙淤积问题,并不是外海泥沙输入的结果,而是由于围海工程造成湾内水动力环境的改变,从而引起了湾内泥沙搬运的结果。本研究可为葡萄滩湾的整治工作提供建议,也对类似围填海项目的论证工作具有重要的借鉴意义,对于围海工程泥沙冲淤的研究不仅要考虑外海泥沙输入输出问题,还要重点考虑围填海工程造成海湾水动力环境的变化,从而造成海湾内部泥沙搬运问题。
[Abstract]:In the past decade, with the rapid economic development of our country, the demand for sea use in the coastal areas has increased sharply. Up to now, the total area of the reclaimed sea in our country has exceeded 100,000 hectares. The strength of the reclamation activities to boost the local economy should not be underestimated. However, a series of environmental problems followed. For example, the reclamation project changed the original marine dynamic environment and had an impact on other functions of the ocean. The main impact of reclamations on the environment is to reduce the area of the bay, reduce the amount of tidal water in the bay, and change the overall hydrodynamic environment. All these will change the environment of sediment erosion and siltation in the bay. In order to meet the rapid development of fishery economy, Weihai Central Fishery Port set up a 1320m diversion embankment at the mouth of Grape Beach Bay in 2006 to meet the needs of the rapid development of fishery economy. Before the construction of the reclamation project, it was concluded that the construction of the inlet embankment could effectively reduce the incidence of the waves and prevent the silt from entering the bay. The Grape Beach Bay will not be affected by sediment and silt, nor will the original depth of water be changed. But since 2009, two years after the completion of the Weihai central fishing port, There is serious siltation problem in the west inner bay of Grape Beach Bay, while the high quality beach beach on the east side of Grape Beach Bay has been washed away seriously. This paper mainly adopts the method of combining numerical simulation with data analysis. Based on the simulation results, the changes of hydrodynamic environment and scour environment before and after the construction of Weihai central fishing port are analyzed, and the differences between the hydrodynamic environment of Grape Beach Bay before and after the reclamation project are studied. The incident of the waves in the open sea is reduced effectively, and the wave height in the Grape Beach Bay is reduced. (2) the Weihai Central Fishery Project changes the law of tidal current movement in the Grape Beach Bay, and makes the tidal current field weaken significantly. The hydrodynamic condition of Weihai central fishing port is obviously weakened. After the reclamation project of Weihai central fishing port, the problem of massive sediment deposition in the west of Grape Beach Bay is not the result of the sediment input from the open sea, but because of the change of hydrodynamic environment in the bay caused by the reclamation project. This study can provide suggestions for the regulation of Grape Beach Bay, and also have important reference significance for the demonstration work of similar reclamation projects. For the study of sediment scouring and siltation in the reclamation project, not only the input and output of sediment in the outer sea should be considered, but also the change of hydrodynamic environment in the bay caused by the reclamation project should be taken into account, thus causing the problem of sediment transport in the bay.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P737.1

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