基于遥感的中国东部海域悬浮泥沙季节变化研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 23:24

本文选题：中国东部陆架海　切入点：遥感　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：论文开发了“利用ENVI/IDL从卫星遥感数据中提取悬浮泥沙浓度和海表温度的批处理”方法，用于研究中国东部海域大区域悬浮泥沙的时空特征和分布规律，分析悬浮泥沙分布的控制因素以及意义，最终达到预测中国东部海域未来沉积特征的目的。论文对2010年每日的NOAA-19AVHRR/3数据进行了处理，分析了12个月的表层悬浮泥沙和海表温度的月变化，对2010年冬半年和夏半年的表层悬浮泥沙输运进行了对比分析，并从物源区、输运区、沉积汇区和远距离扩散区四个方面，对其输运机制进行了研究。研究发现，在三、四月份，大陆架的边缘悬浮泥沙汇集，而且悬浮泥沙沿黑潮主轴的方向分布，通过吐喀喇海峡输向远海。这与冬半年悬浮泥沙向海域的东南方向输运密切相关。这个结论与冬半年悬浮泥沙不能到达大陆架边缘的观点相悖，这也充分证明了黑潮的捕获作用以及屏障作用。最终研究证明:研究区内悬浮泥沙高浓度区和次高浓度区的分布范围变化再次印证了中国东部海域河口“夏储冬输”的输沙模式。从十月到二月，在强盛的冬季风和环流系统影响下，研究区的表层悬浮泥沙高浓度范围急剧扩大，是“输”的阶段，三月到六月表层悬浮泥沙浓度分布由高变低，同时向外海扩散的强度逐渐减弱，是由“输”到“储”的过渡阶段；从七月至九月，在强盛暖流的阻挡下，研究区的表层悬浮泥沙浓度保持低值并基本不变，是“储”的阶段。从表层悬浮泥沙浓度与海表温度的相关性分布图来看，，冬半年，悬浮泥沙浓度的分布与环流的相关性极大，且分布形态呈“└”型；夏半年，悬浮泥沙浓度的分布与环流的相关性极小，分布形态呈现“豆芽”状，而且研究区的绝大部分呈集中的“椭圆”状分布。从2010年十二个月的悬浮泥沙分布情况来看，明显存在近岸悬浮泥沙浓度高，远海悬浮泥沙浓度低的特点。悬浮泥沙在流系的带动下运移，流系的强弱及走向，对悬浮泥沙的分布和输运方向有重要的作用，但是，物源、流系、水深地形和天气的综合作用才是控制整个陆架海域悬浮泥沙的分布及输运的关键因素。冬半年，流系间的相互作用最明显，这也是各个涡旋沉积区形成的重要时期；悬浮泥沙源源不断向东南方向输送，部分悬浮泥沙到达大陆架的边缘被黑潮捕获，随黑潮输向远海，部分悬浮泥沙直接经过吐喀喇海峡输向远海；来自长江口以及苏北的悬浮泥沙在黄海暖流的影响下沿黄海海槽分布，促进了南黄海中部泥质区和东海北部泥质区的形成。夏半年，沿岸流变弱，暖流增强，暖流阻止了悬浮泥沙向深海的输运。由于爬升暖流的阻挡，绝大部分的悬浮泥沙不能到达大陆架的边缘，少数到达陆架边缘的悬浮泥沙在黑潮本身动力的阻挡下，也不能到达更远的深海。频繁的冬季风和夏季风作用海面会打破悬浮泥沙常规的分布规律，使得表层的悬浮泥沙分布呈与风向相近的方向分布，这会对海域悬浮泥沙的扩散和输运产生影响。同时，在多风的月份，风会搅动泥沙再悬浮，增大悬浮泥沙浓度，同时为悬浮泥沙向外海扩散提供动力，此时悬浮泥沙到达琉球群岛以东的海域也是可能的。
[Abstract]:The development of the "suspended sediment concentration and sea surface temperature of the batch processing method of extraction from satellite remote sensing data using ENVI/IDL, for temporal and spatial characteristics and distribution of Chinese waters east of large area of suspended sediment, analysis of the controlling factors of suspended sediment distribution as well as the significance of the final prediction area of Eastern sedimentary characteristics. China future
The paper on 2010. The daily NOAA-19AVHRR/3 data, analyzed 12 months suspended sediment and sea surface temperature changes, surface suspended sediment on the winter of 2010 and summer transport are analyzed, and from the source area and transport area, sedimentary sink area and scattering area four on the hand, the transport mechanism was studied. The study found that in April, three, the edge of the continental shelf collection of suspended sediment, and suspended sediment along the Kuroshio axis distribution, transport to sea through the Kara Strait. The spit suspended sediment in winter to the southeast sea transport is closely related to this. Conclusion with the winter half of suspended sediment can not reach the edge of the continental shelf. It is also proved the capture effect and barrier function.
The final study proves that research in the area of high concentration of suspended sediment and distribution range of the high concentration region changes once again confirms the sediment transport patterns China estuary waters east of the "summer Chudong lose". From October to February, the impact of strong winter wind and circulation system, on the surface of suspended sediment concentration is high the rapid expansion of "lost" stage, from March to June, the suspended sediment concentration distribution changes from high to low, at the same time to the sea diffusion intensity gradually weakened, is "lost" to "transition stage reservoir"; from July to September, in the current strong barrier, the suspended sediment concentration in the study area keep a low value and is essentially the same, "reservoir" stage.
From the surface of the suspended sediment concentration and sea surface temperature correlation distribution, distribution and circulation in the winter half year, correlation between suspended sediment concentration greatly, and the distribution form is ""; in summer, the minimum correlation distribution and circulation of the suspended sediment concentration distribution, showing "bean sprouts" shape, and the study area most of the concentration ellipse shaped distribution.
From the distribution of suspended sediment in 2010 twelve months, obvious nearshore suspended sediment concentration is high, the characteristics of ocean suspended sediment concentration low. Suspended sediment transport in the current system driven by the strength and direction of current system, has an important role, and the distribution of the suspended sediment transport direction of provenance, but flow system, the comprehensive effect of topography and weather is the key factor to control the entire continental shelf area of suspended sediment distribution and transport.
In winter, the interaction between the most obvious and important period which is formed in each vortex deposition zone; suspended sediment transport to the southeast part of Everfount, suspended sediment at the edge of the continental shelf is the capture, with the Kuroshio transport to sea, part of the suspended sediment directly through the Kara Strait transport spit to sea; influence from the mouth of the Yangtze River and north of the suspended sediment in the the Yellow Sea stream along the Yellow Sea trough distribution, promote the formation of the Central South Yellow Sea Mud Area and the northern East China Sea mud area. In summer, the coastal flow is weak, warm warm enhancement, stop the suspended sediment transport to the deep sea. Due to the blocking climbing stream, the vast most of the suspended sediment can not reach the edge of the continental shelf, a suspended sediment shelf edge arrives at a barrier power under the Kuroshio itself, cannot reach beyond the sea.
The winter monsoon and summer monsoon sea frequently will break the conventional distribution of suspended sediment, the suspended sediment surface distribution is similar and the distribution of wind direction, the diffusion of suspended sediment and transport effect. At the same time, in the windy month, the wind will stir the sediment resuspension, increasing suspension at the same time as the sediment concentration, suspended sediment diffusion to the sea power, the suspended sediment to the east of the Ryukyu Islands waters is also possible.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P736.2

【参考文献】