基于SELFE模型的海上溢油数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 07:44

本文选题：数值模拟　切入点：SELFE　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着海洋开发与海洋运输能力的不断提高，溢油事故发生的频率也不断加大。因此,如何准确地对溢油行为与归宿进行数值模拟已经成为了一个重要的研究方向。其中，流场模拟的准确性是做好溢油行为与归宿模拟工作的重要环境动力因素。本文介绍一个海洋环流模型SELFE，该模型基于非结构化网格，采用半隐半显欧拉-拉格朗日有限元算法求解纳维-斯托克斯方程组。该模型最大的特点是没有CFL稳定性条件的约束，这就意味着在保证模拟结果准确的前提下可以设置较大的时间步长，从而达到计算精度和计算效率的双赢。本文应用SELFE模型对渤黄海附近海域进行潮汐潮流数值模拟，通过将调和常数、流速流向以及水位的模拟结果同本文掌握的实测资料进行对比分析来验证了SELFE模型具有良好的可靠性。并基于SELFE模型建立了一个海上溢油数值模型，本文采用的溢油数值模型模拟的过程包括扩展过程、漂移过程、以及风化过程中的蒸发过程、分散过程、乳化过程、岸线吸附的过程。首先，对溢油模型进行可靠性验证。通过对大连“716”事故进行数值模拟的结果可以看到，在溢油发生后72小时，大量的油污扩散到了大连湾湾内以及大窑湾和小窑湾附近海域，这与本文掌握的实际卫星资料具有较好地吻合，验证了基于SELFE的海上溢油数值模型具有良好的可靠性。其次，应用该模型对黄岛“1122”事故进行数值模拟。通过模拟结果可以看到，可以看到在溢油发生后50小时，，有大量的油污聚集在胶州湾口、团岛至黄岛这一侧的胶州湾内侧海域，在团岛至浮山湾附近海域也有少量油膜分布，这与有关海事部门检测的实际结果较好地吻合。并且对溢油的蒸发率、乳化含水率、海表面溢油残留率以及岸线吸附率进行了分析，对海上溢油预警预报具有一定的参考价值。最后，应用该模型对“419”老铁山水道溢油事故进行溯源模拟。模拟结果与实际资料显示的溢油来源的误差有3.5km，说明了基于SELFE的海上溢油数值模型对海上溢油事故的责任追究以及溢油事故的应急具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the development of marine and marine transportation ability to continuously improve the oil spill accident frequency is increasing. Therefore, how to accurately on the behavior and fate of oil spill numerical simulation has become an important research direction. The accuracy of numerical simulation is an important dynamic factor of oil spill to environmental behavior and fate simulation. This paper introduces an ocean circulation model SELFE, the model based on the unstructured grid, using semi implicit semi explicit Euler Lagrange finite element algorithm for solving the Navier Stokes equations. This model is characteristic of no CFL stability condition, which means to ensure accurate simulation results under the premise can be set the larger time step, so as to achieve a win-win calculation accuracy and efficiency. This paper applied the SELFE model to simulate the tidal current of the Yellow Sea Bohai Sea near the numerical, pass The simulation results of the harmonic constant, flow velocity and water level with the measured data were analyzed to verify the SELFE model has good reliability. Based on the SELFE model established a numerical model of an offshore oil spill, the oil spill process numerical model to simulate the drift process, including the expansion process, evaporation in the process of weathering process, and dispersion, emulsification process, adsorption process of shoreline.
First of all, to verify the reliability of the oil spill model. Through the numerical simulation of the Dalian "716" accident results can be seen in the oil spill occurred after 72 hours, a large amount of oil diffusion into the Gulf of Dalian and nearby the Dayao Bay and small kiln bay, and the actual satellite data in this paper have good agreement with and verify the SELFE oil spill numerical model has good reliability based on.
Secondly, the model is applied to numerical simulation of Huangdao "1122" accident. The simulation results can be seen through, can be seen in the oil spill occurred after 50 hours, there is a large amount of oil accumulation in Jiaozhou Bay, Huangdao to the side of the Tuandao inside waters of Jiaozhou Bay, in the waters near Tuandao to Fushan Bay also has a small amount of oil distribution the actual results of this film, and the maritime sector detection well. And the oil spill evaporation rate, water content of emulsion, the sea surface oil spill residue rate and shoreline adsorption rate were analyzed to oil spill forecast has a certain reference value.
Finally, this model was applied to simulate the origin of "419" oil spill accident LaoTieShan channel. 3.5km error sources of oil spill simulation results and actual data shows, the SELFE oil spill numerical model of marine oil spill accidents responsibility and emergency accidents of oil spill based on which has a certain reference value.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X55

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