基于螺线轨迹的台风风场数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 12:32

本文选题：台风　切入点：梯度风台风场　出处：《大连海洋大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：台风是破坏力极强的海洋天气系统,对海上交通运输、海洋工程、海岸工程、水产养殖业等造成了严重的破坏,造成巨大的经济损失,甚至带来人员伤亡。深入了解台风的致灾特性及对台风风险进行准确评估尤为重要。台风的风场模型是台风风险分析模型中的重要组成部分。因此,精度较高的台风风场模型,对于有效评估台风风险,对于海岸工程防灾减灾,对于合理规划沿海经济建设具有重要意义。随着中国经济的快速发展,台风过程对沿海区域的灾害性影响,对区域经济发展的破坏逐渐凸显。我国关于台风风场的研究虽然起步较晚,但近些年,对台风风场模拟的研究取得了重要的进展,对台风场的模拟精度,提出了新的要求。本文首先提出了几种梯度风台风场模型以及移动风场,并针对八场实际的台风通过不同梯度风台风场模型模拟与实测风速进行对比分析,发现Holland梯度风台风场模型在数值上拟合结果较好。但是由于实际的台风云图是螺线型,梯度风场的基本假设无法准确描述台风螺线轨迹流场,Holland梯度风台风场模型存在一定的近似。同时,在Holland风场模型中,有一个气压剖面参数B,Holland气压剖面参数B对台风风场模型的模拟精度具有重要影响。目前,有两种方法可以获取参数B,但还没有用理论依据确定中国近海地区Holland参数B。为了提供精度更高的风场模型,本文基于对数螺线轨迹台风场模型,并参考其求解Holland参数B的新方法,着重讨论了。影响参数B的因素包括最大风速半径、海表拖曳系数、空气表面层厚度以及台风所处纬度。分析表明,Holland参数B与最大风速半径、拖曳系数和纬度呈负相关,与表面层厚度呈正相关。最后,通过不同的B值经验公式和基于螺线轨迹台风场模型得到的公式,分别求解出参数B值,用来模拟八场实际的台风,与实测风速进行对比分析,验证了对数螺线轨迹台风场模型具有较好的适用性。
[Abstract]:Typhoon is a very destructive marine weather system, which has caused serious damage to marine transportation, marine engineering, coastal engineering, aquaculture and so on, resulting in huge economic losses. It is very important to understand the characteristics of typhoon disaster and evaluate typhoon risk accurately. Typhoon wind field model is an important part of typhoon risk analysis model. It is of great significance to evaluate typhoon risk effectively, to prevent and mitigate coastal engineering, and to plan coastal economic construction reasonably. With the rapid development of Chinese economy, the disastrous effect of typhoon process on coastal areas is obvious. Although the research on typhoon wind field in China started relatively late, in recent years, the research on typhoon wind field simulation has made important progress, and the simulation accuracy of typhoon field has been improved. In this paper, several kinds of gradient wind field models and moving wind fields are put forward, and the actual typhoon fields in eight fields are simulated by different gradient wind field models and compared with the measured wind speed. It is found that the numerical fitting results of the Holland gradient wind field model are good, but the actual typhoon cloud map is helical. The basic hypothesis of gradient wind field can not accurately describe the typhoon helical track flow field. There is a certain approximation in the Holland wind field model. There is a pressure profile parameter B Holland pressure profile parameter B which has an important influence on the simulation accuracy of typhoon wind field model. There are two methods to obtain the parameter B, but no theoretical basis has been used to determine the Holland parameter B. in order to provide a more accurate wind field model, this paper is based on the logarithmic spiral track typhoon field model. With reference to its new method for solving Holland parameter B, the factors affecting parameter B include the maximum wind velocity radius, the drag coefficient of sea surface, the thickness of air surface layer and the latitude of typhoon. The drag coefficient is negatively correlated with latitude and has a positive correlation with the thickness of surface layer. Finally, the parameter B value is calculated by different empirical formulas of B value and the formula based on helical track typhoon field model, which is used to simulate the actual typhoon in eight fields. Compared with the measured wind speed, the model of logarithmic spiral track typhoon field is proved to be applicable.
【学位授予单位】：大连海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P444;P732.3

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