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长江口及其邻近海域碳的迁移特征

发布时间:2018-04-01 19:12

  本文选题: 切入点:收支与迁移 出处:《中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所)》2014年硕士论文


【摘要】:陆架边缘海在全球碳循环中起着异常重要的作用,本研究聚焦长江口及邻近海域,重点开展了2012年和2013年夏季期间其水体与沉积物碳的分布变化特征、海-气界面CO2通量以及碳迁移收支等研究,获得如下结论: 1.海气界面碳的迁移通量在不同区域和不同调查时间其变化很大,但近十几年来夏季碳汇强度有增强的趋势,长江口及邻近海域海气界面碳通量主要受控于水团混合、生物生产等;海水中的无机碳和有机碳变化幅度较大,其垂直分布主要受水动力影响,,近河口区域水体10m层DIC高浓度阻碍了表层DIC的进一步向下输送,这可能是导致河口区表层水CO2分压较高的原因之一。 2012年夏东海调查海域表层水pCO2变化范围为96.28-577.7μatm,平均为297.6μatm,低值区出现在长江冲淡水区(123°-125°E,30°-33°N),高值区主要分布在东海陆架的南部区域。表层水pCO2主要受控于长江冲淡水的输入和混合(盐度)、台湾暖流以及生物生产等。调查区域FCO2平均为-6.410±7.486mmolC·m-2·d-1,表现为大气CO2的汇,各海域碳汇强度长江冲淡水区(CDW)黄东海混合水区(YEMW)咸淡水混合区(SMW)近岸上升流区(CUW)台湾暖流区(TWCW),该区域夏季每日吸收大气CO2合计约1.83±1.98万吨(以C计)。结合历史资料分析发现,长江口邻近海域自2001年以来夏季碳汇强度有增强的趋势,CDW区的海-气界面CO2通量年增幅为-0.814mmolC·m-2·d-1,海水吸收大气二氧化碳每年增加约5.46万吨(以C计),是夏季东海碳汇增加的主要贡献者。夏季CDW区域碳汇的增强可能与这一季节长江月径流量的增加有关,这种碳汇增强作用可能是暂时的。 2013年夏季,长江口邻近海域表层水体DIC和POC含量高于2012年夏季。长江冲淡水不足,而高碱度的黄海水输入是引起TA以及DIC升高的原因。表层水体POC受陆源输入影响显著,与TSM高度相关。在近河口区域,随着表层冲淡水向东迁移,颗粒物逐渐沉降,POC随TSM的下降而下降。夏季长江口邻近海域水体分层明显,各参数的垂直变化受水体分层的影响显著。近河口区域的DIC在10m层富集,10m层高DIC也阻碍了表层DIC的进一步向下输送,这可能是导致近河口区表层水CO2分压较高的原因之一,而远离河口的区域未出现这一明显的富集现象。 2.在夏季东海向日本海输送碳,其输送通量达76.0tC/s,其中DIC占96.06%,在海洋碳循环中,无机碳的迁移占绝对优势;对东海夏季碳收支的估算结果表明,其区域碳收支并不平衡,这可能预示着水体存在不同形式碳的转化以及其他渠道存在。长江口区域碳的沉积作用显著,河口区截留了大部分长江径流输入的PIC。 夏季东海DIC、DOC和POC的输入主要是通过台湾暖流带入,输出主要是向日本海输出。夏季东海是日本海的一个碳源,其输送通量达76.0tC/s,其中DIC占96.06%。沉积埋藏是东海碳的另一个主要输出项,陆架区有机碳的沉积通量为0.15tC/s。东海水体间碳收支并不平衡,可能预示东海水体中碳可能存在不同形态间的转化以及地下水输入等行为,这些隐性碳输入项可能被忽视。据估算,长江口海域海底地下水渗入携带的DIC输入通量就可达0.142 0.708tC/s,增加这些碳的输入项,东海的碳收支趋于平衡。 长江口及邻近海域的沉积作用显著影响着河口区的碳迁移过程,河口区每年沉积的有机碳约占河流输送DOC和POC之和的三分之一,沉积的无机碳占河流输送PIC的88%,河口区截留了大部分长江径流输入的PIC。夏季长江口海域向东海输出碳共0.88tC/s,其中DIC为主要输出形态,PIC输出最少。
[Abstract]:The marginal sea of continental shelf plays an important role in the global carbon cycle . This study focuses on the study of the distribution of carbon in water and sediment during the summer of 2012 and 2013 , the CO2 flux in the sea - gas interface and the carbon migration and expenditure during the summer of 2012 and 2013 . The following conclusions are obtained :

1 . The migration flux of carbon in the sea - gas interface varies greatly in different regions and in different times of investigation . However , there is an increasing trend in summer carbon sink intensity over the last decade . The carbon fluxes of the sea - gas interface in the Yangtze Estuary and adjacent sea areas are mainly controlled by water mass mixing , biological production , etc .
The vertical distribution of inorganic carbon and organic carbon in the sea water is mainly influenced by hydrodynamic forces . The high concentration of 10 m - layer DIC in the water body near Hekou area is an obstacle to the further downward transport of the surface layer DIC , which may be one of the causes of high CO2 partial pressure in the surface layer of the estuary .

In the summer of 2012 , the change range of surface water pCO2 is 96.28 - 577.7 渭atm , the average is 297.6渭atm , and the low - value area appears in the southern region of the Yangtze River . The peak area of CO2 is - 6.410 卤 7.486mmolC 路 m - 2 路 d - 1 , which is the main contributor to the increase of carbon sink in the East China Sea . The enhancement of carbon sink in the CDW region may be related to the increase of the monthly runoff of the Yangtze River .

In the summer of 2013 , the surface water body DIC and POC content in the adjacent sea area of the Yangtze River were higher than in the summer of 2012 . The Yellow Sea water input with high alkalinity was caused by the elevation of TA and DIC .

2 . Carbon was transported to the Sea of Japan in the East China Sea in summer , and the flux reached 76.0tC / s , of which DIC accounted for 96.06 % , and in the ocean carbon cycle , the migration of inorganic carbon accounted for absolute advantage ;
The results of the summer carbon budget in the East China Sea indicate that the regional carbon budget is not balanced , which may indicate the existence of different forms of carbon in the water body and the existence of other channels .

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