基于ROMS的渤海湾水动力学模型及其应用

发布时间：2018-04-06 01:06

本文选题：三维数值模拟　切入点：水交换　出处：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：海湾是海陆作用的集中地带，历来为人类生产生活、经济贸易的活动中心。近年来，随着渤海湾沿海地区经济的高速发展，越来越多的工业废水，生活污水通过入海河流或海底管道汇入渤海湾，对近岸海域的自然生态环境造成了严重的影响。为了保护海洋生态环境，合理利用海洋资源，使沿海经济绿色、健康、可持续性发展，研究渤海湾各区域的水交换特性和污染物在水体中的迁移扩散规律是十分有必要的。本文综述了海湾水动力数值模拟的常用方法，三维模型经常被用于水深较深的海域或用于研究波浪破碎、泥沙输运等问题，对于渤海湾这类较浅海湾，通常应用平面二维对流扩散模型和平面二维水动力学模型进行污染物迁移扩散的研究。考虑到污水密度的影响，污染物在垂向上的分布会产生较大的差异，，而垂直方向沿水深积分的二维模型不能对这种情况做出准确的描述。因此，本文基于ROMS模式建立了渤海湾三维水动力学模型和对流扩散模型，利用该模型对渤海湾水交换和污水深海排放工程中的污染物迁移扩散规律进行了研究。首先对建立的模型进行验证，计算了平底水池中由表面风应力引起的流场在垂向上的速度分布，并与风生流的典型解析解对比验证，数值解与解析解吻合良好。然后利用渤海湾海域的实测资料对潮流模型进行验证，结果显示三维潮流模型的模拟结果与实测资料吻合良好，能够正确反映渤海湾潮位以及各水深层面上的流场分布。在三维的水动力学模型和对流扩散模型的基础上，应用水交换关联矩阵对渤海湾近岸海域控制规划功能区进行了水交换研究，并与二维模型的模拟结果对比。结果显示可能由于三维模型可以更精确的描述流速在垂向上的不均匀分布，使得三维模型的模拟结果所显示的水交换能力低于二维模型的模拟结果。将本文建立的模型应用到南港工业区污水深海排放工程，结合渤海湾近岸海域功能区划，模拟潮流作用下，排污口排放的污水中各类污染物的迁移扩散过程。通过对模拟结果的统计，得到了六种主要污染物在不同时刻的浓度分布，并在此基础上分析了各功能区受影响的程度。结果表明，污水排放工程不会对附近区域的水环境产生明显的影响。
[Abstract]:In recent years , with the rapid development of the economy in the coastal areas of the Bohai Bay , more and more industrial wastewater and domestic sewage have been imported into the Bohai Bay through the river or submarine pipeline in the Bohai Bay . In order to protect the marine ecological environment and to make rational use of the marine resources to develop the green , healthy and sustainable coastal economy , it is necessary to study the water exchange characteristics of various regions of the Bohai Bay and the distribution of pollutants in the water body .

This paper reviews the common methods of numerical simulation of hydrodynamic numerical simulation in the Gulf . The three - dimensional model is often used in deep sea areas or for studying the problems of wave crushing , sediment transport and so on . For the shallow bays of Bohai Bay , the two - dimensional convection - diffusion model and the planar two - dimensional hydrodynamic model are usually applied to study the diffusion of pollutants . Considering the influence of the density of sewage , the distribution of pollutants in vertical direction can be greatly different , and the two - dimensional model along the integral of water depth in the vertical direction cannot accurately describe the situation .

In this paper , a three - dimensional hydrodynamic model and a convection - diffusion model of Bohai Bay are established based on ROMS model .

On the basis of three - dimensional hydrodynamic model and convection - diffusion model , the water - exchange correlation matrix is applied to the water - exchange study on the control planning functional area in the coastal area of Bohai Bay , and compared with the simulation results of the two - dimensional model . The results show that the three - dimensional model can describe the uneven distribution of the flow velocity in vertical direction more accurately , so that the water exchange capacity displayed by the simulation results of the three - dimensional model is lower than the simulation result of the two - dimensional model .

Based on the statistical analysis of the simulation results , the concentration distribution of six major pollutants at different times is obtained . The results show that the sewage discharge project will not have a significant effect on the water environment in the nearby area .

【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X55

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