气候变化背景下中国风暴潮灾害风险及适应对策研究进展

发布时间：2018-04-12 15:35

本文选题：气候变化 + 风暴潮灾害　；参考：《地理科学进展》2016年11期

【摘要】：风暴潮是沿海地区在强烈的大气扰动条件下产生的异常增水现象,并受海平面上升等因素的影响。中国风暴潮灾害频繁,其中尤以东南沿海地区发生频率较高,灾害损失严重。本文从风暴潮灾害的危险性、承灾体的易损性、综合风险区划3个方面系统总结风暴潮灾害的研究进展及存在的主要问题;并以风暴潮灾情特征及风险评估为基础,探讨气候变化对风暴潮灾害风险的影响及其适应对策。气候变化引起的海平面上升将影响风暴潮的趋势、周期及风险区域,因而亟待开展结合海平面上升等因素的综合风险评估。充分考虑气候变化背景下沿海地区自然条件变化及社会经济发展状况,注重短期与长期相结合,完善风险评估体系。为适度、有序的适应气候变化下风暴潮灾害风险,中国在应急预警机制、工程防御及政策法规等适应能力建设方面不断完善,以提高风暴潮灾害的防灾减灾能力。
[Abstract]:Storm surge is an abnormal water increasing phenomenon in coastal areas under strong atmospheric disturbance, which is influenced by sea level rise and other factors.Storm surge disasters occur frequently in China, especially in southeast coastal areas.This paper systematically summarizes the research progress and main problems of storm surge disaster from three aspects: the danger of storm surge disaster, the vulnerability of disaster bearing body, and the comprehensive risk regionalization, and based on the disaster characteristics and risk assessment of storm surge, the paper systematically summarizes the research progress and main problems of storm surge disaster.This paper discusses the influence of climate change on storm surge disaster risk and its adaptive countermeasures.The rise of sea level caused by climate change will affect the trend, cycle and risk area of storm surge, so it is urgent to carry out a comprehensive risk assessment combined with sea level rise and other factors.Taking into account the changes of natural conditions and the development of social economy in coastal areas under the background of climate change, we should pay attention to the combination of short-term and long-term, and perfect the risk assessment system.In order to adapt to the storm surge disaster risk in a moderate and orderly manner, China has been improving its ability to prevent and reduce storm surge disasters in the aspects of emergency early warning mechanism, engineering defense, policies and regulations and so on.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室;中国科学院大学;国务院参事室;中国21世纪议程管理中心;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAK05B04) 中国清洁发展机制基金赠款项目(2013034)~~
【分类号】：P731.23

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