北太平洋上一个爆发性气旋族的结构分析

发布时间：2018-05-07 13:51

本文选题：北太平洋 + 爆发性气旋　；参考：《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2017年01期

【摘要】：利用NCEP(National Centers for Environmental Prediction)再分析格点资料和HYSPLIT(Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model)模式对2012年1月1—10日发生在北太平洋的一个爆发性气旋族进行了研究,并对气旋族的两个主要成员Parent Low(气旋A)和Child Low(气旋B)的演变过程和时空结构进行了详细分析,发现在气旋A和气旋B的爆发性发展阶段,200hPa高空的辐散区向气旋输送正涡度平流,气旋处于500hPa大槽前部,系统轴线西倾,低层有强冷平流向气旋中心输送并与锋面结合,温度梯度较大。气旋西侧较强北风携带的冷空气与冷锋前来的暖湿空气相遇,为气旋的发展提供有利条件。从形势场上看,气旋B爆发性发展主要是依靠气旋A所提供的环流背景场。气旋A在高空为气旋B提供正涡度平流,在低空通过环流将冷平流输送到气旋B内部,使气旋B低层斜压性增加。在气旋A和气旋B的向东移动和"互旋"过程中,两者之间水汽输送通道逐步建立。东移过程中,气旋A不断向气旋B进行水汽输运,使得气旋B系统内部水汽含量增加,为气旋的发展提供能量。利用后向追踪法对气旋B中心附近的空气进行追踪发现,在1 000m以下,来自气旋A的空气占到总数的一半以上,可以认为气旋A是气旋B低层水汽来源的主要途径之一。
[Abstract]:Using NCEP(National Centers for Environmental Prediction) reanalysis lattice data and HYSPLIT(Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model) model, a family of explosive cyclones occurred in the North Pacific from 1 to 10 January 2012 was studied. The evolution process and space-time structure of Parent Lowand Child Lowle (Cyclone B), two main members of cyclone family, are analyzed in detail. It is found that positive vorticity advection is transported to cyclone in the divergence region of 200hPa upper level in the explosive development stage of Cyclone A and Cyclone B. The cyclone is located at the front of the 500hPa trough, the axis of the system tilts westward, and a strong cold flat flows to the center of the cyclone in the lower layer, which combines with the front, and the temperature gradient is large. The cold air carried by the strong north wind on the west side of the cyclone meets the warm and wet air coming from the cold front, which provides favorable conditions for the development of the cyclone. Judging from the situation field, the explosive development of Cyclone B mainly depends on the circulation background field provided by Cyclone A. Cyclone A provides positive vorticity advection for cyclone B at high altitude, and carries cold advection to the interior of cyclone B through circulation at low altitude, which increases the baroclinic property of cyclone B. In the process of eastward movement and "mutual rotation" of Cyclone A and Cyclone B, the water vapor transport channel between them is gradually established. During the eastward movement, the water vapor transport from Cyclone A to Cyclone B increases the water vapor content in Cyclone B system, which provides energy for the development of Cyclone B. Using the backward tracing method to trace the air near the center of Cyclone B, it is found that below 1000 m, the air from Cyclone A accounts for more than half of the total, so Cyclone A can be considered as one of the main sources of water vapor in the lower layer of Cyclone B.
【作者单位】：中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院;92866部队水文气象中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41275049)资助~~
【分类号】：P732

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