黄河口凹陷古近系沟谷发育特征初探

发布时间：2018-05-25 06:35

本文选题：黄河口凹陷 + 古近系　；参考：《中国地质大学（北京）》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以层序地层学、地震沉积学、地震地貌学为理论依据，综合利用钻井、测井、地震数据，结合前人的研究成果，重点对黄河口凹陷古近系沟谷的发育特征及其对沉积体系展布的控制作用展开分析。在前人研究的基础上，充分利用工区内的三维地震数据资料，尤其是新获得的西南斜坡带BZ31-32工区的三维地震数据资料，以及钻井、测井数据，对工区的各个三级层序界面进行了划分识别，并分别总结出其界面特征，通过单井分析、联井对比分析，井震结合等方法，建立了黄河口凹陷古近系层序地层格架。在研究区古近系共识别出3个二级层序，8个三级层序，9个三级层序界面。结合地震剖面、地层厚度图以及古地貌图，，在黄河口凹陷古近系按几何形态特征分为三种类型，即U型沟谷、V型沟谷和W型沟谷；按成因特征分类分为沉积成因型和构造成因型两种，又将构造成因型细分为单断槽型、双断槽型、构造枢纽带型、多阶断层型和走滑断层伴生型五种类型。同时结合工区的构造演化运动，明确了沉积成因型和构造成因型两种类型的成因机制，探讨了整个研究区在不同层序发育时期沟谷的分布特征。在此基础上，分析了黄河口凹陷古近系沟谷对物源输送以及沉积体系展布的控制作用。认为沉积成因型沟谷剥蚀时供给物源，沉积时是沉积物的堆积场所；构造成因型沟谷则主要作为沟通物源区与沉积中心的输送通道而存在，也可以作为少量的沉积区域。在分析不同层序发育时期沟谷发育对沉积体系展布的影响时，得出由于南北地形特征的不同，沉积体系的发育也不相同。北部陡坡处，沉积物通过沟谷快速堆积，多发育扇三角洲；而南部缓坡，大量流水带着沉积物顺着沟谷方向沉积，多发育为辫状河三角洲。
[Abstract]:Based on sequence stratigraphy, seismic sedimentology and seismic geomorphology, this paper synthetically uses drilling, logging, seismic data and previous research results. The development characteristics of Paleogene gully and its controlling effect on the distribution of sedimentary system in Huanghekou depression are analyzed. On the basis of previous studies, we make full use of the 3D seismic data in the working area, especially the newly acquired 3D seismic data of the BZ31-32 working area in the southwest slope zone, as well as the drilling and logging data. The third order sequence interface of the working area is divided and identified, and its interface characteristics are summarized respectively. By means of single well analysis, well correlation analysis and well shock combination, the Paleogene sequence stratigraphic framework of Huanghou depression is established. Three secondary sequences, eight third-order sequences and nine third-order sequence interfaces were identified in the Paleogene in the study area. Combined with seismic profile, stratigraphic thickness map and paleogeomorphic map, Paleogene in Huanghekou depression can be divided into three types according to their geometric characteristics: U type gully, V type gully and W type gully. According to the genetic characteristics, it can be divided into two types: sedimentary genetic type and tectonic genetic type. The tectonic genetic type is divided into five types: single faulted trough type, double fault trough type, structural hinge zone type, multi-order fault type and strike-slip fault associated type. At the same time, combined with the tectonic evolution of the work area, the genetic mechanism of the sedimentary and tectonic genetic types is clarified, and the distribution characteristics of the gully in the different sequence development period of the whole study area are discussed. On this basis, the control effect of Paleogene gully on provenance transportation and distribution of sedimentary system in Huanghekou sag is analyzed. It is considered that the source of supply during denudation of the sedimentary type gully is the accumulation place of the sediment, while the tectonic type valley exists mainly as the transport channel between the source area and the center of the deposit, and can also be used as a small amount of sedimentary area. In the analysis of the influence of gully development on the distribution of sedimentary system in different sequence development periods, it is concluded that the development of sedimentary system is different due to the different terrain characteristics of the north and south. At the northern steep slope, the sediment accumulates rapidly through the gully, and more fan deltas are developed; on the southern slope, a large number of sediments are deposited along the gully direction, most of them are braided river deltas.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P534.611;P737.1

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