海底沉积物声学参数自动测量系统的研制

发布时间：2018-05-27 12:21

本文选题：海底沉积物 + 声学参数　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：海底沉积物作为海洋的一个重要组成成分,其声学参数的研究越来越受科学研究者们的重视。目前海底沉积物声学参数的测量方法分为实验室测量和海底原位测量,其中海底原位测量因对海底沉积物的原始环境造成的扰动小,测量值更接近于真实值,已逐渐成为海底沉积物声学参数测量方法的主流方法。为进一步提高海底沉积物声学参数原位测量精度以及对现有的海底沉积物声学参数原位测量装置的不足之处的改善,本文研制了基于FPGA的新型的海底沉积物声学参数原位自动测量系统,将可编程逻辑器件的优势运用到海底沉积物声学参数的研究领域中。本文的主要研究内容与结果如下:(1)研制了海底沉积物声学参数自动测量系统的硬件平台。通过灵活运用Multisim、FilterPro和Altium Designer等软件实现了对测量系统的硬件平台设计,包括原位测量系统整体方案设计、声波自动测量仪方案设计、数据采集系统的硬件电路原理图的绘制和仿真,以及PCB电路板的设计。(2)开发了数据采集系统的硬件程序。通过Cypress公司官方提供的固件程序模板和上位机软件,以Keil uVision4为编译环境,设计了本系统的EZ-USB FX2LP固件程序;其次采用模块化设计思路,运用Quartus Prime软件实现对Intel Cyclone IV EP4CE6E22C6N FPGA芯片的数字电路系统设计,并阐述了其中主要模块的设计原理,整个数字电路系统达到了系统所需的要求。(3)开发了声波自动测量仪的应用程序并进行了实验室测试。以LabVIEW软件为设计平台,设计了声波自动测量仪的人机交互界面,实现了仪器参数可控和声学参数的自动计算及保存,并对其中的部分核心模块的设计进行了解释;其次对声波自动测量仪进行了组装及实验室测试,通过声波自动测量仪和示波器对信号发生器产生的正弦波进行对比测试,以及对大理石式样进行声学参数测试,验证了声波自动测量仪的准确性及功能完善性。本文的研究拓宽了海底沉积物声学参数原位测量的测量方法,实现了可编程逻辑器件和海底沉积物声学研究的结合,对海底沉积物声学性能研究具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:As an important component of the ocean, the study of acoustic parameters of seafloor sediment has been paid more and more attention by scientific researchers. At present, the measurement methods of acoustic parameters of seafloor sediment are divided into laboratory measurement and in situ measurement, in which the disturbance caused by in situ measurement of seabed sediment is small, and the measured value is closer to the real value. It has gradually become the mainstream method for measuring acoustic parameters of seabed sediments. In order to further improve the accuracy of in-situ measurement of acoustic parameters of seafloor sediments and to improve the deficiencies of the existing in situ measuring devices for acoustic parameters of seafloor sediments, In this paper, a new in situ automatic measurement system of seabed sediment acoustic parameters based on FPGA is developed. The advantages of programmable logic devices are applied to the research field of seabed sediment acoustic parameters. The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) the hardware platform of the automatic measurement system for acoustic parameters of seafloor sediment is developed. The hardware platform design of the measurement system is realized by using Multisiman filter Pro and Altium Designer software flexibly, including the whole scheme design of the in-situ measurement system, the scheme design of the acoustic wave automatic measuring instrument, the drawing and simulation of the hardware circuit schematic diagram of the data acquisition system. And the design of PCB circuit board. 2) the hardware program of data acquisition system is developed. Through the firmware program template provided by Cypress company and the upper computer software, the EZ-USB FX2LP firmware program of the system is designed with Keil uVision4 as the compiling environment. Secondly, the modular design thought is adopted. The design of digital circuit system of Intel Cyclone IV EP4CE6E22C6N FPGA chip is realized by using Quartus Prime software, and the design principle of main modules is expounded. The whole digital circuit system has met the requirement of the system. (3) the application program of the acoustic wave automatic measuring instrument has been developed and the laboratory test has been carried out. Based on the LabVIEW software, the man-machine interface of the acoustic automatic measuring instrument is designed, which realizes the automatic calculation and preservation of the instrument parameters and the acoustic parameters, and explains the design of some core modules. Secondly, the sonic automatic measuring instrument is assembled and tested in the laboratory. The sinusoidal wave generated by the signal generator is tested by the acoustic automatic measuring instrument and oscilloscope, and the acoustic parameters of the marble pattern are tested. The accuracy and perfect function of the acoustic wave automatic measuring instrument are verified. The research in this paper broadens the measurement method of seabed sediment acoustic parameters in situ, realizes the combination of programmable logic device and seabed sediment acoustic research, and has a certain reference value for the study of seabed sediment acoustic properties.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P733.2

【参考文献】