磁性高分子复合微球材料的制备及其对油膜吸附应用的研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 13:31

本文选题：油膜污染物 + 磁性高分子微球　；参考：《南京理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：世界上日益频繁发生的石油泄漏事故严重威胁着全球的海洋生态平衡,其中石油泄漏后形成的大面积薄层的油膜则是造成海洋生态失衡的元凶之一。遗憾的是,目前仍然没有专门的手段可以高效地清除此类油膜污染物。针对这一情况,本文分别制备了PS/Fe3O4(聚苯乙烯/四氧化三铁)和PU/Fe3O4(聚氨酯/四氧化三铁)两种磁性高分子微球材料,两种材料均具有超疏水,超亲油,高吸附能力,强的磁响应性和热稳定性等多种性质,为大面积的油膜污染处理提供了一个环境友好、快速高效、低成本的解决方案,对维护良好的生态环境有着巨大的意义。本文研究内容主要包括如下几个方面：(1)通过种子微球溶胀聚合法合成了磁性PS/Fe3O4复合微球,使用XRD, TEM, FESEM, FT-IR, TGA, VSM, CAs等方法对微球进行一系列表征,研究了微球合成过程中种子微球种类和溶胀时间对微球的大小和形貌的影响,讨论了磁性PS/Fe3O4复合微球的制备机理。(2)首先使用硅烷在Fe304表面接枝氨基,接着硅烷改性的Fe304经过乳液聚合,制备PU/Fe3O4磁性复合微球材料。并通过XRD, SEM, TGA, VSM, CAs等方法对复合材料进行表征,研究了PU/Fe3O4磁性复合微球材料的合成机理。最后分别讨论了疏水封端剂,不同聚合时间对PU/Fe3O4磁性复合微球材料的影响。(3)为了评估制备的两种高分子基磁性复合微球材料对样品的吸油量和吸附效率,我们采用重量法对原油、N100润滑油和03柴油这3种常见的油类污染物的吸附量(g/)进行测定。此外,我们还探究了吸附时间和pH值等对吸附量(g/g)的影响,并模拟吸附材料的再生过程,对其再生性能进行了研究。结果表明：两种材料不仅可以快速、高效地清除水面的油膜污染物,而且在恶劣的环境下也能保持较好的稳定性。更重要的是,在经过10次的模拟循环试验后,两种材料均依旧能够保持较高的吸附能力,说明这两种材料具备良好的回收再生能力。
[Abstract]:The increasingly frequent oil spill accidents in the world have seriously threatened the global marine ecological balance, in which a large area of thin-layer oil film formed after the oil spill is one of the main culprits causing the marine ecological imbalance. Unfortunately, there is still no specific means to efficiently remove such oil-film pollutants. In this paper, two kinds of magnetic polymer microspheres, PS / Fe _ 3O _ 4 (polystyrene / iron trioxide) and PU/ Fe _ 3O _ 4 (polyurethane / Fe _ 2O _ 3), were prepared respectively. The strong magnetic response and thermal stability provide an environmentally friendly, fast, efficient and low-cost solution for the treatment of large areas of oil film pollution, which is of great significance for the maintenance of good ecological environment. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) Magnetic PS/Fe3O4 composite microspheres were synthesized by swelling polymerization of seed microspheres. The microspheres were characterized by XRD, TEM, FESEM, FT-IR, TGA, VSM, CAs and so on. The effects of seed microspheres and swelling time on the size and morphology of microspheres were studied. The preparation mechanism of magnetic PS/Fe3O4 composite microspheres was discussed. Firstly, silane was used to graft amino on the surface of Fe304. Then Fe304 modified by silane was prepared by emulsion polymerization to prepare PU/Fe3O4 magnetic composite microspheres. The synthesis mechanism of PU/Fe3O4 magnetic composite microspheres was studied by means of XRD, SEM, TGA, VSM, CAs and other methods. Finally, the effects of hydrophobic capping agent and polymerization time on PU/Fe3O4 magnetic composite microspheres were discussed in order to evaluate the oil absorption and adsorption efficiency of two kinds of polymer based magnetic composite microspheres. The adsorption capacity of three common oil pollutants, oil N 100 and diesel 03, was determined by gravimetric method. In addition, the effects of adsorption time and pH value on the adsorption capacity (g / g) were investigated, and the regeneration process of the adsorbed materials was simulated, and the regeneration performance was studied. The results show that the two materials can not only rapidly and efficiently remove oil film pollutants from water surface, but also maintain good stability in harsh environment. More importantly, after 10 times of simulated cycle tests, the two materials can still maintain high adsorption capacity, which shows that the two materials have good recovery and regeneration ability.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X55;TQ317

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