胶州湾水环境重金属立体分布、污染及风险

发布时间：2018-06-05 03:53

本文选题：重金属 + 胶州湾　；参考：《西南师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2016年06期

【摘要】：为探讨胶州湾水环境中重金属的立体空间分布、污染及风险,分别采集深度为0~10m(表层),10~20m(中层)和20~30m(底层)的海水与海底表层(0~10cm)沉积物样本,测定8种重金属(As,Cd,Cr,Hg,Zn,Pb,Cu和Ni)在水体中的质量浓度(mg/L)和沉积物中的质量分数(mg/kg),基于国家海水水质标准和水质质量指数法、海洋沉积物质量标准和Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法评价了海水和沉积物中重金属的立体分布、污染及其潜在生态风险.结果表明:胶州湾海水重金属质量浓度除Cu,Hg,Ni和Pb外,均未超出IV类标准;相对污染指数值由大到小依次为Cu,Pb,Hg,Ni,Cd,Cr,Zn,As,其中Cu,Pb,Hg,Ni和Cd达到严重污染水平,综合污染指数测算表明胶州湾海水重金属污染严重.就胶州湾海水重金属的平面分布而言,其高值区出现在湾东和西南区,其中Hg高值区沿胶州湾大桥分布.就胶州湾海水重金属的垂直方分布而言,0~10m的表层海水和20~30m的底层海水中重金属质量浓度均高于10~20m的中层海水.除Cr外,沉积物中其他重金属质量分数均高于海洋沉积物的I级质量标准,潜在生态风险指数由大到小依次为Hg,As,Ni,Cd,Pb,Cr,Cu,Zn,并呈现出东高西低、沿污染源分布的特点.
[Abstract]:In order to study the spatial distribution, pollution and risk of heavy metals in the water environment of Jiaozhou Bay, sediment samples with a depth of 0 ~ 10m (10 ~ 20m (middle layer) and 20 ~ 30m (bottom) of sea water and bottom water) were collected, respectively. The mass concentration (mg / L) and the mass fraction (mg 路kg ~ (-1) of eight heavy metals, aspergectadectadecrhium, zincinophosphate, and Ni) in water were determined. Based on the national seawater water quality standard and the water quality index method, the mass fraction (mg / kg) of the eight heavy metals in the water was determined. The distribution, pollution and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in seawater and sediment were evaluated by marine sediment quality standard and Hakanson potential ecological hazard index method. The results showed that the mass concentrations of heavy metals in the seawater of Jiaozhou Bay did not exceed the class IV standard except for Cu HgN Ni and Pb, and the relative pollution index values were in the order of Cu PbPb HgCU NigCd-CrCrZnN AsS, in which the Cu PbGN HgN Ni and CD reached the level of serious pollution. The calculation of comprehensive pollution index shows that heavy metal pollution is serious in Jiaozhou Bay. As far as the plane distribution of heavy metals in Jiaozhou Bay is concerned, the high value region appears in the east and southwest of Jiaozhou Bay, and the Hg high value region distributes along the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge. In terms of the vertical distribution of heavy metals in Jiaozhou Bay, the mass concentrations of heavy metals in the surface water of 10 ~ 10 m and in the bottom seawater of 20 ~ 30 m are higher than those in the middle sea water of 10 ~ 20 m. With the exception of Cr, the mass fraction of other heavy metals in sediments is higher than that in marine sediments, and the potential ecological risk index is in order from large to small.
【作者单位】：西南大学地理科学学院;中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域国家重点实验室;
【基金】：科技部科技基础性工作专项课题(2013FY111100) 国家自然科学基金项目(41571479)
【分类号】：X55

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