深海用全固态参比电极的结构设计与性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 19:28

本文选题：深海 + 银/卤化银电极　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在海洋工程中，为保证安全，避免经济损失，要对金属构筑物电位进行测量，这就要采用长期稳定性良好、精度高的参比电极，来保证它的真实有效性。目前，Ag/AgCl电极和Zn电极是海水中应用最广泛的参比电极，但电位易发生飘移，高压环境中稳定性不好，不能长期应用于深海工程中。本论文针对目前使用电极存在的缺陷，结合深海环境的高压强等特点，设计耐压的Ag/AgX和Zn电极结构，测其高压力条件下的性能，证明本论文研制的电极高压稳定性好，适用于深海。本文采用的是粉末压片法制备的银/卤化银参比电极和纯度99.99%的锌制备锌电极。采用电化学测量的方法测其高压力环境中的稳定性及重现性，温度、pH、压力、流速、恒电流极化等对参比电极的影响，并且与常压下性能以及无耐压设计的电极性能对比分析。结果表明，6MPa压力条件下，无耐压结构设计的Ag/AgX电极2h内电位能够维持稳定，但是2h后电位突变，出现负一百多的电位值，电极失效，电极压力条件下稳定性差，不能长期应用于深海环境；而本实验研制的有耐压结构设计的Ag/AgX电极在6MPa压力条件下，在为期10d的实验中，电极电位维持稳定，电位漂移量小于3.0mV，且与常压下的电位值差距小于2mV，耐压设计提高了电极高压力条件下的稳定性，使本实验研制的有耐压结构设计的Ag/AgX电极可以长时间应用于深海工程。6MPa高压条件下，高纯Zn电极维持稳定，，与常压条件下电极稳定电位相近，且电位值波动在10mV内，即本实验研制的有耐压结构设计的高纯Zn电极也具有高压力条件下稳定性好、重现性好的特点。另外，本实验制备的具有耐压装置的Ag/AgX电极、高纯Zn电极，在常压、高压条件下温度响应特性良好，受pH的影响可以忽略，不受海水流速影响，抗极化性能好，使用寿命长。在此基础上设计Ag/AgX-Zn复合参比电极结构，制备电极，得到高压力条件下稳定性好的复合参比电极，可以应用于深海工程。
[Abstract]:In order to ensure safety and avoid economic loss, the potential of metal structures should be measured in the ocean engineering. It is necessary to use reference electrodes with good long-term stability and high accuracy to ensure its true validity. At present, the Ag- / AgCl electrode and Zn electrode are the most widely used reference electrodes in seawater, but the potential is prone to drift, the stability in high pressure environment is not good, so it can not be used in deep-sea engineering for a long time. In this paper, in view of the defects of the electrode used at present and the characteristics of the deep sea environment such as high pressure, the structure of the Ag- / AgX and Zn electrode is designed, and the performance of the electrode under the high pressure condition is measured. It is proved that the electrode developed in this paper has good high pressure stability. Applicable to the deep sea. In this paper, silver / silver halide reference electrode and zinc electrode with 99.99% purity were prepared by powder pressing method. The stability and reproducibility of the electrode under high pressure, the effects of temperature, pH, pressure, flow rate and constant current polarization on the reference electrode were measured by electrochemical measurement. The performance of the electrode under normal pressure and without voltage design was compared and analyzed. The results show that the potential of Ag- / AgX electrode without pressure structure can be kept stable within 2 hours, but after 2 hours, the potential changes with negative potential value of more than 100, electrode failure, and poor stability under pressure, the results show that the AgX electrode with no pressure structure can maintain a stable potential within 2 hours under the pressure of 6 MPA, but the potential changes after 2 hours. It can not be used in deep-sea environment for a long time, but the Ag- / AgX electrode with a pressure structure designed in this experiment has a stable potential for 10 days under a pressure of 6 MPA. The potential drift is less than 3.0 MV, and the difference between the potential value at normal pressure and that at normal pressure is less than 2 MV. The voltage resistance design improves the stability of the electrode under high pressure. The designed Ag- / AgX electrode with high voltage structure can be used in deep-sea engineering for a long time at high pressure of 0.6 MPA. The high purity Zn electrode is stable and close to that of the electrode at normal pressure, and the potential fluctuates within 10 MV. The high purity Zn electrode developed in this experiment also has good stability and reproducibility under high pressure. In addition, the Ag- / AgX electrode and the high purity Zn electrode prepared in this experiment have good temperature response under normal pressure and high pressure, and can be neglected by pH, no influence of seawater flow rate, good polarization resistance and long service life. On this basis, the structure of Ag- / AgX-Zn composite reference electrode is designed, and the electrode is prepared. The composite reference electrode with good stability under high pressure can be used in deep-sea engineering.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P751

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