基于无线网络的海洋波浪能监测系统设计

发布时间：2018-06-19 05:55

本文选题：波浪能发电 + 远程监测　；参考：《上海海洋大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着目前世界各国的经济飞速发展，全球对能源的需求日益加大。对环境污染严重的天然气、石油和煤炭等不可再生的传统能源过度消耗，越来越严重的温室效应和不断出现的雾霾现象迫使人们急切的寻找开发利用廉价、清洁无污染的新型可再生能源。地球的表面积51000万km2,海洋36110万km2,占地球表面积2/3以上，海洋面积与陆地面积接近7：3的比例。大海不仅为人类提供水源、航运和丰富的矿物资源，而且还蕴藏着巨大的能量，其中海洋波浪能作为一种新型能源，具有无污染、储存量丰富等显著优点和巨大的开发利用价值得到世界各国的广泛关注。通过对远程监测技术、通信技术、计算机技术和数据处理等关键技术的研究，结合计算机监控系统的实时性、易维护性、数据自动采集处理以及人机交互方便等优点，同时考虑到计算机监测系统要依据监测现场的特殊性来开发符合实际现场环境状况的监测系统，尤其是那些现场环境复杂，无人值守的场合，需要远程监测终端设备的数据信息等。本文基于Windows7操作系统，在VB6.0（VisualBasic6.0）开发环境下，利用GPRS无线通信技术，开发一套海洋波浪能发电远程监测系统。（1）本系统是基于GPRS和CDMA网络的无线通讯远程数据传输平台，结合GPRS通讯方式的主要优点以及将CDMA通讯方式作为通信冗余，保证了通信的不间断和数据交换过程中的安全可靠。（2）设计了系统的能量管理硬件集成方案和无线数据传输终端，开发了能量处理流程：发电机输出三相交流电经由整流和滤波处理，得到比较纯净的直流电，然后对锂电池进行充电之前通过充电控制器的处理，使得13.8V-60V范围内的直流电可对电池进行充电。锂电池提供的24V直流电可直接供直流负载浮标体使用，也可以经过逆变器转换成具有额定频率和幅值的交流电供电给交流负载使用。该系统采用的是GPRS-DTU无线传输设备通过485总线与智能直流电力仪表连接来实现现场发电装备的数据传输。（3）系统的数据传输基于Modbus总线协议的通信，对通讯规约和RTU传输方式进行了研究，，通过此协议使得无线终端和智能仪表之间完成通讯，并且顺利读取现场发电机输出的电流数据、电压数据和功率数据。（4）重点进行了系统监测中心软件的设计。包括：①基于VB开发环境的特点和优点，以及VB中提供的通讯控件Winsock来完成网络中两台及以上的计算机之间的通信；②系统登陆界面的和监测主界面的设计，在主界面上包含本机IP地址和端口的设定和显示，历史数据曲线和实时数据曲线显示；③如何建立Access数据库，怎样在VB操作界面上添加ADO控件来访问数据库中的数据以及采用Access数据库对采集的现场发电设备的数据信息进行存储。本文设计的基于GPRS无线网络的海洋波浪能监测系统完成了对现场海洋能发电机发出的电量主要参数（电压、电流、功率）的接收，并通过无线通讯方式将接收回来的数据传输到学校信息中心，测得海洋环境条件下发电机处于发电状态时的最佳工作曲线，然后通过对历史数据和实时采集数据的分析，判断现场发电机的工作状态，并确定了当前需要投入的最佳负载。该系统的开发突破了距离上的限制，实现了对远程发电设备终端的信息的获取和操作，同时使得管理人员可以在任何可以上网的地点实时直观的了解现场发电装置的工作状态，而且该系统具有成本低、结构简单、容易操作等优点。在对从现场采集回来的大量数据进行计算分析，验证得出此系统具有很好的稳定性和实用性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid economic development of all countries in the world, the global demand for energy is increasing. The excessive consumption of natural gas, oil and coal, such as natural gas, oil and coal, and more and more serious greenhouse effect and continuous fog haze force people to urgently look for the development and utilization of cheap, clean and pollution-free. The surface area of the new renewable energy. The surface area of the earth is 510 million km2, the ocean is 361 million 100 thousand Km2, accounting for more than 2/3 of the earth surface area, the ocean area and the land area are close to the proportion of 7:3. The sea not only provides water for human beings, shipping and rich mineral resources, but also contains huge energy, in which ocean waves can be a new type of energy. Pollution free, abundant storage and other significant advantages and huge development and utilization value have attracted worldwide attention.
Through the research of remote monitoring technology, communication technology, computer technology and data processing, it combines the advantages of the real-time, maintainability, automatic data acquisition and processing of the computer monitoring system and the convenience of human-computer interaction. At the same time, it takes into account that the computer monitoring system should be developed according to the particularity of the monitoring site. In this paper, a remote monitoring system for ocean wave energy generation is developed on the basis of the Windows7 operating system and using the GPRS wireless communication technology in the VB6.0 (VisualBasic6.0) development environment.
(1) this system is a wireless communication remote data transmission platform based on GPRS and CDMA network. It combines the main advantages of the GPRS communication mode and the communication redundancy of the CDMA communication mode. It ensures the uninterrupted communication and the security and reliability in the process of data exchange.
(2) the system's energy management hardware integration scheme and wireless data transmission terminal are designed, and the energy processing flow is developed. The generator output three-phase alternating current via rectifying and filtering processing is more pure DC, and then the lithium battery is charged through the charge controller before charging the 13.8V-60V range. The battery can be charged by electricity. The 24V DC provided by the lithium battery can be used directly for the DC load buoy. It can also be converted into AC load with rated frequency and amplitude by the inverter. The system uses the GPRS-DTU wireless transmission equipment connected to the intelligent DC power meter through 485 buses. Data transmission of field equipment.
(3) the data transmission of the system is based on the communication of the Modbus bus protocol. The communication protocol and the RTU transmission mode are studied. Through this protocol, the communication is completed between the wireless terminal and the intelligent instrument, and the current data from the field generator output, the voltage data and the power data are read smoothly.
(4) focus on the design of the system monitoring center software, including: (1) the characteristics and advantages of the VB development environment and the communication control Winsock provided in the VB to complete the communication between the two and more computers in the network; (2) the design of the system landing interface and the monitoring master interface, including the native IP address and end on the main interface. The setting and display of the mouth, the historical data curve and the real-time data curve display; how to establish the Access database, how to add the ADO control to the VB operation interface to access the data in the database and to store the data information of the collected field power generation equipment by using the Access database.
The ocean wave energy monitoring system based on GPRS wireless network has completed the receiving of the main parameters (voltage, current, power) of the generator in the field, and transmitted the received data to the school information center through wireless communication, and the generator is in the state of power under the condition of the marine environment. Through the analysis of historical data and real-time data, the working state of the generator is judged, and the optimal load that needs to be invested is determined. The development of the system breaks through the limit of distance, realizes the acquisition and operation of the information of the terminal of the remote generation equipment, and makes the management personnel at the same time. This system has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, easy operation and so on. It is proved that the system has good stability and practicability by calculating and analyzing a large amount of data collected from the field.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P743.2;TP274

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