海南岛海风三维结构的数值模拟

发布时间：2018-06-23 11:22

本文选题：天气学 + 海风环流　；参考：《热带气象学报》2016年01期

【摘要】：利用中尺度模式WRF对2012年4月12日海南岛在无明显天气系统强迫下产生的一次典型的海风个例进行了数值模拟,目的在于揭示海南岛海风的三维结构及其演变特征。通过与观测资料的比较可以看出,WRF模式能够较合理地模拟出此次海南岛海风的演变特征。海风环流开始时间较我国其他地区偏晚,午后开始形成,15—18时达强盛时期,夜间21时海风转为陆风环流。南北向的海风维持时间和强度明显大于东西向的海风环流,而东西部的海风环流开始时间、维持时间和强度都相差不大。午后辐合线主要分布在岛屿城市较密集的北部和西北部沿海地区,污染物不易扩散而导致灰霾等天气,这样的分布与岛屿形状及地形密切相关。在向岸型背景风作用下,岛屿南部海风环流向内陆传播了约80 km,远大于东西部;岛屿西南部五指山和鹦哥岭两座山岭之间形成了强烈的沿峡谷分布的西南气流。垂直方向:白天岛屿西南部山地对海风起到抬升、加强的作用,大地形结合向岸型背景风共同作用使得高空回流减弱;东部和北部平原地区的海风环流结构较完整,东部海风垂直伸展达1.8 km,而北部18时海风环流高度可达2.5 km。12时,海南海岸线附近的位温梯度大幅增大,从而激发了四面的海风;海风锋后是水汽储备的大值区,18时,岛屿山脉南侧(迎风坡)和岛屿中心东北部极易产生暴雨等强对流天气。
[Abstract]:The mesoscale model WRF was used to simulate a typical case of Hainan Island in April 12, 2012, without obvious weather system forcing. The purpose of the numerical simulation is to reveal the three-dimensional structure and evolution characteristics of Hainan Island's sea breeze. By comparing with the observed data, it can be seen that the WRF model can reasonably simulate the evolution characteristics of the Hainan Island sea breeze. The onset time of sea breeze circulation is later than that of other regions in China. The sea breeze began to form a strong period from 15 to 18 in the afternoon and turned to the continental wind circulation at 21:00 at night. The maintaining time and intensity of the sea breeze in the south and north direction are obviously larger than those in the east and west direction, but the time and intensity of the sea breeze circulation in the east and west are not different. The convergence line is mainly distributed in the northern and northwestern coastal areas of the island cities. The pollution is not easy to diffuse and lead to haze and other weather. This distribution is closely related to the shape and topography of the islands. Under the action of onshore background wind, the sea wind ring in the southern part of the island propagates about 80 km to the inland, which is much larger than that in the east and west, and a strong southwest airflow along the canyon is formed between the Wuzhishan and Yinggoling mountains in the southwestern part of the island. Vertical direction: during the day, the mountains in the southwest of the island uplift and strengthen the sea breeze, the earth shape combined with the coastal background wind weakens the upper-level circumfluence, and the circulation structure of the sea breeze in the eastern and northern plain areas is relatively complete. The vertical extension of the eastern sea breeze reaches 1.8 km, and when the circulation height of the northern 18:00 sea breeze reaches 2.5 km.12, the potential temperature gradient near the Hainan coastline increases substantially, thus stimulating the sea breeze on all sides, and the sea wind front is a large area behind the sea wind front, 18:00, for the water vapor reserve. The southern side of the island range (windward slope) and the northeast of the island center are prone to heavy rain and other severe convective weather.
【作者单位】：南京信息工程大学大气科学学院;海南省气象台;
【基金】：公益性行业(气象)科研专项经费项目(GYHY201306009)资助
【分类号】：P732.1

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