振荡浮子式波浪能转换器运行特性的研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 19:56

本文选题：波浪 + 波浪能转换器　；参考：《清华大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：振荡浮子式波浪能转换器因具结构简单、自适应强、效率高等优点而发展成为目前利用波浪能的主要形式之一。具有较高俘获宽度比的浮子式波浪能转换器可以有效降低波浪能利用的成本,为了探索出一种更高效的波浪能转换器,本文针对三种不同结构型式的振荡浮子式波浪能转换器的运行特性展开系统地理论、数值和试验研究,分析影响其运行特性的主要因素,揭示其影响机理,探讨提高俘获宽度比的有效措施。首先通过物理模型试验方法,分别对单浮子式、垂向和环绕布置双浮子式波浪能转换器的运行特性展开了研究,初步探讨了波浪要素、外负载、几何布置和锚固方式对浮子动力响应和装置俘获宽度比的影响。基于线性势流和三维绕射-辐射理论,给出了浮子式波浪能转换器的数学模型,并分别对单浮子式、垂向和环绕布置双浮子式波浪能转换器的运行特性展开了系统地数值研究,探讨了影响其水动力特性、浮子动力响应和装置俘获宽度比的主要因素。对于单浮子式波浪能转换器,垂直圆柱形浮子的直径和吃水深度,以及方形浮子的长宽比是影响其运行特性的主要因素,并通过比较分析表明圆形浮子的最优俘获宽度比要比方形浮子的大19%。对于垂向布置双浮子式波浪能转换器,本文提出了一种由一个半浸没垂荡圆柱形浮子和一个浸没固定圆柱形浮子组成的新型高效的结构,分析了波浪要素、外负载、两浮子垂向间距、两浮子的直径比和质量比,浸没浮子厚度和水深等参数的影响。对于环绕布置双浮子式波浪能转换器,文中首次对一种由两个方形浮子构成的结构展开了研究,揭示了波浪要素、外负载、两浮子水平间距、支撑浮子吃水深度对其运行特性的影响。为了获得具有较高俘获宽度比的浮子式波浪能转换器,文中对单浮子、垂向和环绕布置双浮子式波浪能转换器的运行特性进行了数值对比分析,研究发现双浮子结构均在支撑浮子固定时获得俘获宽度比的最大值,垂向和环绕布置双浮子结构的俘获宽度比极值均大于单浮子结构,且垂向和环绕布置双浮子式波浪能转换器分别适合于低频和高频波浪条件。
[Abstract]:The oscillating float wave energy converter has become one of the main forms of wave energy utilization due to its advantages of simple structure, strong adaptability and high efficiency. Float wave energy converter with high trapping width ratio can effectively reduce the cost of wave energy utilization. In order to explore a more efficient wave energy converter, This paper presents a systematic theoretical, numerical and experimental study on the operating characteristics of three kinds of oscillating floating-type wave-energy converters with different structures. The main factors affecting their operating characteristics are analyzed, and the influencing mechanism is revealed. The effective measures to improve the trapping width ratio are discussed. First of all, through the physical model test method, the operating characteristics of the single float type, vertical and circumferential double float wave energy converters are studied, and the wave elements and external loads are preliminarily discussed. The effect of geometric arrangement and anchoring mode on the dynamic response of float and capture width ratio. Based on the linear potential flow and three-dimensional diffraction radiation theory, the mathematical model of float wave energy converter is presented, and the operating characteristics of single float type, vertical and circumferential double float wave energy converter are studied numerically respectively. The main factors affecting the hydrodynamic characteristics, the dynamic response of the float and the capture width ratio of the device are discussed. For a single float type wave energy converter, the diameter and draught depth of a vertical cylindrical float and the aspect ratio of a square float are the main factors affecting its operating characteristics. The comparative analysis shows that the optimal capture width of the circular float is 19 times larger than that of the square float. For the vertical arrangement of double float wave energy converter, this paper presents a new efficient structure consisting of a semi-submerged cylindrical float and a submerged fixed cylindrical float. The wave elements and external loads are analyzed. The influence of the vertical spacing of two floats, the ratio of diameter and mass of the two floats, the thickness and depth of the submerged floats, etc. In this paper, a structure consisting of two square floats is studied for the first time, and the wave elements, external loads and horizontal spacing between two floats are revealed. The influence of the draught depth of the support float on its operation characteristics. In order to obtain a floating wave energy converter with a high trapping width ratio, the operating characteristics of a single float, vertical and circular double float wave energy converters are compared and analyzed numerically. It is found that the maximum of the trapping width ratio is obtained when the support float is fixed, and the maximum value of the trapping width ratio of the vertical and circumferential double float structures is larger than that of the single float structure. The vertical and circumferential double float wave energy converters are suitable for low frequency and high frequency wave conditions, respectively.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P743.2

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