深海浮标数据采集系统的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-07-11 14:08

本文选题：海洋观测浮标 + 数据采集控制系统　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：海洋观测是海洋科学的重要组成部分。通过海洋水文气象的观测,人们能够全面、及时、准确地掌握海洋环境的变化规律以及人类活动对海洋环境的影响,为海洋科学研究、海洋工程建设、海洋资源开发、海洋环境保护、航海安全保证、海洋灾害预防提供了基础资料和科学依据,因而对此的研究有着极为重要的意义。由于海洋环境的高度复杂性,对于观测技术提出了较高的要求。本文针对进行远洋气象和水文观测而研制的深海浮标,在对其采集参数性质和数据传输方式等功能需求进行充分分析的基础上,设计了一套数据采集系统。该系统采用嵌入式技术,分时对海洋气象环境中的气温、气压、湿度、雨量、风速风向和长波短波辐射等气象参数以及水文环境中的水温、盐度和海流进行采集和存储。同时,利用GPS模块对系统进行赋时。文中分硬件和软件两个部分对数据采集系统做了设计。为了在AD转换过程中消除气象参数采集中可能的误差,本文选用卡尔曼滤波方法进行滤波。在结合AD转换对卡尔曼滤波方程进行化简后将其应用在AD转换后取得的AD值数据集合的滤波,结果表明滤波效果良好,可以获取较为准确的数值。对海洋参数进行观测的目的是更好地研究海洋从而为人类活动服务。本文将浮标获取到的气象和水文参数应用于季风的研究之中,研究包括季风模式的识别和一年两次的爆发点的确定。在介绍HMM的基本算法以后,文中选取具有代表性的几个海洋参数进行两种季风模式下的HMM学习。按每天数据进行学习得到的模型在非季风爆发阶段的季风模式的识别中得到比较精确的结果。为了进一步确定季风的爆发点,选取小时值进行学习建模。在对爆发月份以及前后两个月份的小时平均值进行识别后,通过统计每天夏季风识别小时数的个数并与按天得到的结果进行比较,最终确定了季风的爆发点,从而为季风的研究提供了一个有益的参考。
[Abstract]:Ocean observation is an important part of marine science. Through the observation of marine hydrology and meteorology, people can comprehensively, timely and accurately grasp the changing laws of the marine environment and the impact of human activities on the marine environment. The protection of marine environment, the guarantee of navigation safety and the prevention of marine disasters provide basic information and scientific basis, so the study of marine disasters is of great significance. Because of the high complexity of marine environment, high requirements for observation technology are put forward. In this paper, a data acquisition system is designed for the deep-sea buoy developed for ocean-going meteorological and hydrological observation. Based on the analysis of its collection parameter properties and data transmission mode, a set of data acquisition system is designed. The system adopts embedded technology to collect and store the meteorological parameters such as temperature, pressure, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, wind direction and long wave shortwave radiation in the marine meteorological environment, and the water temperature, salinity and current in the hydrological environment. At the same time, the GPS module is used to schedule the system. The data acquisition system is designed in two parts: hardware and software. In order to eliminate the possible errors in the acquisition of meteorological parameters during AD conversion, Kalman filtering method is used in this paper. The Kalman filter equation is simplified with AD conversion and applied to the filtering of AD value data set after AD conversion. The result shows that the filtering effect is good and the more accurate value can be obtained. The purpose of observing ocean parameters is to better study the ocean and serve human activities. In this paper, the meteorological and hydrological parameters obtained from buoys are applied to the study of monsoon, which includes the identification of monsoon patterns and the determination of bimonthly burst points. After introducing the basic algorithm of hmm, several typical ocean parameters are selected for hmm learning under two monsoon modes. The model, which is based on the daily data, is proved to be more accurate in the recognition of the monsoon pattern in the non-monsoon burst stage. In order to further determine the onset point of the monsoon, the learning model was established by selecting the hour value. After identifying the hourly average of the onset month and the two months before and after, the onset point of the monsoon is determined by counting the number of hours recognized by the summer monsoon every day and comparing it with the results obtained by the day. It provides a useful reference for the study of monsoon.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP274.2;P715.2

【参考文献】