黏土中板形重力安装锚和吸力式安装平板锚的旋转调节过程
发布时间：2018-07-31 08:03
【摘要】：随着石油／天然气的开发走向深海,海上油气开采平台面临日益恶劣的工作环境。采油平台的失事会造成巨大的经济损失和严重的人员伤亡。锚固系统作为深海油气开采平台的重要组成部分,对保证平台安全运行具有关键作用。越来越深的开发水域对锚固系统提出了新的要求,锚固系统也逐渐由传统的重力式基础结构发展到由锚和锚链构成的悬链线系统。由于安装简便且安全可靠,板形重力安装锚和吸力式安装平板锚在海洋工程中得到了广泛应用。但是对于这两种板形锚(锚板)在深海黏土中应用时的性能,还没有得到充分的认识。锚安装完成时的姿态与最终承力时的姿态是不同的,锚要经过一个旋转调节过程来达到最终承力姿态。这个调节过程将导致锚埋深的损失,从而降低锚的承载能力,而抗拔承载力是锚板设计的要点,也是海洋工程研究领域的热点和基础问题。因此,对锚板旋转调节过程及其承载力特性的研究具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。本文以板形重力安装锚(Gravity Installed Plate Anchor-GIPLA)和吸力式安装平板锚(Suction Embedded Plate Anchor-SEPLA)为对象,采用塑性分析方法对黏土中锚的旋转调节过程和承载力特性问题进行了研究。研究结果与三维大变形有限元(Three-dimensional Large Deformation Finite Element-3D-LDFE)分析方法的结果进行对比。并用塑性分析方法研究了上拔倾角和锚眼偏移角对埋深和承载力的影响、以及两个参数的耦合作用,并由此找到了提高锚板承载力的应用条件和优化设计方向。论文第一部分为板形重力安装锚在黏土中的旋转调节过程研究。由于板形重力安装锚结构形式复杂,目前对板形重力安装锚的研究都是基于实验的。大多为贯入深度测试,其它的为拔出模型试验。关于锚板在黏土中的承载力特性及旋转调节过程的数值分析成果还未见到发表。为了探明板形重力安装锚受到上拔力下潜的规律和内在机理,通过小变形有限元分析结合最小二乘拟合建立了塑性模型。用塑性分析方法对锚板的旋转调节过程进行了研究,结果与大变形分析进行了比较,吻合很好。然后采用塑性分析方法研究了荷载倾角、锚眼偏移量以及土体强度特性等参数对承载力和埋深损失的影响规律。结果表明当加载角和锚眼偏移量设置恰当时,重力锚旋转调节之后会下潜并提高抗拔承载力。论文第二部分研究了吸力式安装平板锚在黏土中的旋转调节过程。吸力式安装平板锚有一个可绕锚爪旋转的翼板。翼板的实际工作性能有很多学者进行过研究。但由于吸力式安装平板锚几何形状复杂,这些研究对其均有较大程度的简化,这些过多的简化对研究结果可能会造成很大的误差。本文充分考虑了吸力式安装平板锚的实际结构型式和工作条件,对其在黏土中的旋转调节过程进行了比较贴近实际的数值模拟,并对翼板的实际作用进行了分析。最后采用参数化方法研究了吸力式安装平板锚的下潜潜能,并在此基础上提出了对锚板进行优化设计的方法。
[Abstract]:With the development of Petroleum / natural gas to the deep sea, the offshore oil and gas mining platform faces an increasingly harsh working environment. The failure of the oil production platform will cause huge economic losses and serious casualties. As an important part of the deep-sea oil and gas mining platform, the anchorage system plays a key role in the safe operation of the guarantee platform. Deep development waters have put forward new requirements for anchoring system. The anchorage system is gradually developed from the traditional gravity foundation to the catenary system composed of anchors and anchors. Because of the simple and safe installation, the plate gravity installation anchor and suction type installation plate anchor have been widely used in marine engineering. But for this two, it has been widely used in the marine engineering. The performance of the plate anchors (anchors) used in deep sea clay has not been fully understood. The posture of the anchorage is different from that of the final bearing, and the anchor must pass through a rotation adjustment process to achieve the final bearing attitude. This adjustment process will lead to the loss of the anchor depth, thus reducing the bearing capacity of the anchor. The thrust bearing capacity is the main point of the design of the anchor plate, and it is also a hot and basic problem in the field of marine engineering research. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and application value to study the rotation regulation process of the anchor plate and its bearing capacity characteristics. In this paper, the plate type gravity installation anchor (Gravity Installed Plate Anchor-GIPLA) and the suction type installation plate anchor (S Uction Embedded Plate Anchor-SEPLA) as an object, the plastic analysis method is used to study the rotation regulation and bearing capacity of the anchors in clay. The results are compared with the results of the three dimensional large deformation finite element analysis (Three-dimensional Large Deformation Finite Element-3D-LDFE) analysis method and the plastic analysis side is used. The influence of the uplift angle and the angle of the anchor eye offset on the buried depth and bearing capacity, and the coupling effect of the two parameters are studied, and the application conditions and the optimal design direction for improving the bearing capacity of the anchorage plate are found. The first part of the paper is the study on the rotary joint process of the plate shaped gravity installation anchor in the clay. It is complicated in form. At present, the research of plate gravity installation anchor is based on experiments. Most of them are penetration depth tests and other models are drawn out. The numerical analysis of the bearing capacity characteristics of the anchor plate in clay and the numerical analysis of the rotation regulation process have not yet been published. The plastic model is established by the finite element analysis of small deformation combined with the least square fitting. The rotational adjustment process of the anchor plate is studied by the plastic analysis method. The results are compared with the large deformation analysis. The plastic analysis method is used to study the load angle, the offset of the anchor eye and the strength of the soil. The effect of characteristics and other parameters on the bearing capacity and depth loss. The results show that when the loading angle and the anchor eye offset are set at the time, the gravity anchor rotation adjustment will descend and improve the uplift bearing capacity. The second part of the paper studies the rotation and joint process of the suction type plate anchorage in the clay. The actual working performance of the wing plates rotated around the anchorage has been studied by many scholars. But because of the complex geometry of the suction type plate anchors, these studies have greatly simplified them. These too many simplifications may cause great errors in the research results. The structure type and working condition are compared with the actual numerical simulation of the rotation regulation process in clay, and the actual function of the wing plate is analyzed. Finally, the potential of the suction type plate anchorage is studied by using the parameterization method. On this basis, a method for optimizing the design of the anchor plate is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P751
本文编号：2154945
[Abstract]:With the development of Petroleum / natural gas to the deep sea, the offshore oil and gas mining platform faces an increasingly harsh working environment. The failure of the oil production platform will cause huge economic losses and serious casualties. As an important part of the deep-sea oil and gas mining platform, the anchorage system plays a key role in the safe operation of the guarantee platform. Deep development waters have put forward new requirements for anchoring system. The anchorage system is gradually developed from the traditional gravity foundation to the catenary system composed of anchors and anchors. Because of the simple and safe installation, the plate gravity installation anchor and suction type installation plate anchor have been widely used in marine engineering. But for this two, it has been widely used in the marine engineering. The performance of the plate anchors (anchors) used in deep sea clay has not been fully understood. The posture of the anchorage is different from that of the final bearing, and the anchor must pass through a rotation adjustment process to achieve the final bearing attitude. This adjustment process will lead to the loss of the anchor depth, thus reducing the bearing capacity of the anchor. The thrust bearing capacity is the main point of the design of the anchor plate, and it is also a hot and basic problem in the field of marine engineering research. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and application value to study the rotation regulation process of the anchor plate and its bearing capacity characteristics. In this paper, the plate type gravity installation anchor (Gravity Installed Plate Anchor-GIPLA) and the suction type installation plate anchor (S Uction Embedded Plate Anchor-SEPLA) as an object, the plastic analysis method is used to study the rotation regulation and bearing capacity of the anchors in clay. The results are compared with the results of the three dimensional large deformation finite element analysis (Three-dimensional Large Deformation Finite Element-3D-LDFE) analysis method and the plastic analysis side is used. The influence of the uplift angle and the angle of the anchor eye offset on the buried depth and bearing capacity, and the coupling effect of the two parameters are studied, and the application conditions and the optimal design direction for improving the bearing capacity of the anchorage plate are found. The first part of the paper is the study on the rotary joint process of the plate shaped gravity installation anchor in the clay. It is complicated in form. At present, the research of plate gravity installation anchor is based on experiments. Most of them are penetration depth tests and other models are drawn out. The numerical analysis of the bearing capacity characteristics of the anchor plate in clay and the numerical analysis of the rotation regulation process have not yet been published. The plastic model is established by the finite element analysis of small deformation combined with the least square fitting. The rotational adjustment process of the anchor plate is studied by the plastic analysis method. The results are compared with the large deformation analysis. The plastic analysis method is used to study the load angle, the offset of the anchor eye and the strength of the soil. The effect of characteristics and other parameters on the bearing capacity and depth loss. The results show that when the loading angle and the anchor eye offset are set at the time, the gravity anchor rotation adjustment will descend and improve the uplift bearing capacity. The second part of the paper studies the rotation and joint process of the suction type plate anchorage in the clay. The actual working performance of the wing plates rotated around the anchorage has been studied by many scholars. But because of the complex geometry of the suction type plate anchors, these studies have greatly simplified them. These too many simplifications may cause great errors in the research results. The structure type and working condition are compared with the actual numerical simulation of the rotation regulation process in clay, and the actual function of the wing plate is analyzed. Finally, the potential of the suction type plate anchorage is studied by using the parameterization method. On this basis, a method for optimizing the design of the anchor plate is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P751
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 张其一;栾茂田;袁凡凡;金丹;;复合加载情况下非均匀地基上矩形基础承载力研究[J];岩土工程学报;2008年07期
，本文编号：2154945
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