基于卫星遥感与再分析资料研究南海上层水体对台风的响应
发布时间：2018-09-17 14:45
【摘要】：南海是我国最大的边缘海,战略地理位置优越,海域资源丰富,同时也是重要的海上通道。但南海也是自然灾害(风暴潮、台风等)频发之处,台风不仅会对其海洋生态与动力环境产生直接的影响,同时也会对近海养殖、运输、海上工程活动等造成严重危害。因而研究台风对南海海洋环境的影响具有重要的科学与现实意义。本文主要利用遥感数据和HYCOM再分析资料研究了南海上层水体对台风的响应。首先,主要关注201409号超强台风“威马逊”,系统分析了南海上层海洋生态、动力环境对其的响应特征;并基于EOF分析法对该台风过后南海海表温度、混合层深度以及降水量等要素进行时间和空间特征的研究。其次,利用近10年台风样本及遥感和HYCOM再分析资料,统计分析了台风过程中海表温度、混合层深度以及叶绿素浓度变化的统计特征。研究结果表明,超强台风“威马逊”诱发强烈的混合卷挟和上升流,并加强了季节性上升流;该台风过后,南海海表温度急剧下降,部分海域海表温度最大降幅可达2℃,且部分海域降温后回升缓慢长达半个月之久。海温降低相对台风路径呈显著的“右偏性”;同时,超强台风给南海带来了强降雨,但是降雨量空间分布相对台风路径呈显著的“左偏性”;台风后南海西北部海域悬浮泥沙浓度和叶绿素浓度平均增幅分别为28%和51.4%,对后者而言,达到最大浓度有3d的延迟,初级生产力增加34%;除此之外,上层水体混合加剧,混合层深度平均增长近10.4m。近10年,过境南海各类气旋94次,其中台风级别以上共有49次,占过境南海的52%,平均每年发生1-2次超强台风。在研究区域,台风前海表温度平均温度为29.05℃,台风后海表温度平均温度为28.22℃,海表温度平均降低幅度为2.84%;台风前混合层深度平均为19.56 m,台风过程中混合层深度平均为28.31m,混合层深度平均增加幅度为58.57%;台风前叶绿素浓度平均为0.29 m/L,台风后叶绿素浓度平均为0.43 m/L,叶绿素浓度平均增加幅度为60.11%。海表最大降温和最大叶绿素浓度增长具有普遍延迟效应,而最大混合层深度与台风有较好的同步性。
[Abstract]:The South China Sea is the largest marginal sea in China. However, the South China Sea is also a place of frequent natural disasters (storm surge, typhoon, etc.). Typhoon will not only have a direct impact on its marine ecological and dynamic environment, but also cause serious harm to offshore aquaculture, transportation, marine engineering activities and so on. Therefore, it is of great scientific and practical significance to study the impact of typhoon on the marine environment in the South China Sea. In this paper, the response of the upper waters of the South China Sea to typhoon is studied by using remote sensing data and HYCOM reanalysis data. First of all, we focus on the superstrong typhoon of 201409, Weimason, and systematically analyze the response characteristics of the upper marine ecology and dynamic environment in the South China Sea, and analyze the sea surface temperature in the South China Sea after the typhoon based on EOF analysis. The time and space characteristics of mixing layer depth and precipitation are studied. Secondly, the statistical characteristics of sea surface temperature, depth of mixed layer and chlorophyll concentration during typhoon were analyzed by using typhoon samples and data of remote sensing and HYCOM reanalysis in recent 10 years. The results show that the superstrong typhoon "Wilmasson" induces strong mixed convection and upwelling and strengthens the seasonal upwell.After the typhoon, the sea surface temperature in the South China Sea drops sharply, and the maximum drop in sea surface temperature in some sea areas can reach 2 鈩，
本文编号：2246246
[Abstract]:The South China Sea is the largest marginal sea in China. However, the South China Sea is also a place of frequent natural disasters (storm surge, typhoon, etc.). Typhoon will not only have a direct impact on its marine ecological and dynamic environment, but also cause serious harm to offshore aquaculture, transportation, marine engineering activities and so on. Therefore, it is of great scientific and practical significance to study the impact of typhoon on the marine environment in the South China Sea. In this paper, the response of the upper waters of the South China Sea to typhoon is studied by using remote sensing data and HYCOM reanalysis data. First of all, we focus on the superstrong typhoon of 201409, Weimason, and systematically analyze the response characteristics of the upper marine ecology and dynamic environment in the South China Sea, and analyze the sea surface temperature in the South China Sea after the typhoon based on EOF analysis. The time and space characteristics of mixing layer depth and precipitation are studied. Secondly, the statistical characteristics of sea surface temperature, depth of mixed layer and chlorophyll concentration during typhoon were analyzed by using typhoon samples and data of remote sensing and HYCOM reanalysis in recent 10 years. The results show that the superstrong typhoon "Wilmasson" induces strong mixed convection and upwelling and strengthens the seasonal upwell.After the typhoon, the sea surface temperature in the South China Sea drops sharply, and the maximum drop in sea surface temperature in some sea areas can reach 2 鈩，
本文编号：2246246
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/haiyang/2246246.html
