海底钻机的国内外研究现状与发展趋势

发布时间：2018-11-15 12:44

【摘要】：海底钻机以其钻探成本低、效率高,样品扰动小、易保压,设备体积小、易操作和船舶适应性强等优点,已经成为海底资源勘探、海洋地质调查和海洋科学考察不可或缺的重要技术装备,得到了世界各海洋强国的重视和应用.本文结合海底钻机的发展历程和应用现状,对以适水深度、钻探深度、取样方式、多功能化、智能化为评价标准的前后四代海底钻机进行了综述分析,并对部分代表性机型进行了详细描述,之后从钻探深度与取芯直径、多模式钻进与取芯方式、设备状态的智能化监控、多功能井下与井口监测技术、甲板支持系统与船舶适应性等5个方面提出了海底钻机的发展趋势.
[Abstract]:Because of its advantages of low drilling cost, high efficiency, small sample disturbance, easy to maintain pressure, small volume of equipment, easy operation and strong adaptability of ships, submarine drilling rig has become an exploration of submarine resources. Marine geological survey and marine scientific exploration, which are indispensable and important technical equipment, have been paid attention to and applied by the world's marine powers. Combined with the development and application status of submarine drilling rig, this paper summarizes and analyzes the four generations of seabed drilling rig which are based on suitable depth, drilling depth, sampling method, multi-function, intelligence and so on. Some representative models are described in detail, and then from drilling depth and coring diameter, multi-mode drilling and coring mode, intelligent monitoring of equipment status, multi-function downhole and wellhead monitoring technology, The development trend of submarine drilling rig is put forward in five aspects, such as deck support system and ship adaptability.
【作者单位】：国土资源部广州海洋地质调查局;湖南科技大学海洋矿产资源探采装备与技术湖南省工程实验室;
【基金】：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2012AA091301)
【分类号】：P756.5;P716.9

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