3000米深海吊放系统A架结构设计与分析
发布时间：2018-11-16 18:56
【摘要】：随着对海洋的探索,我们的水下作业、探测和记录仪器下潜深度越来越大。同时吊放目标也越来越多样,包括海洋岩心钻机、沉积物取心器、海底观测站、ROV/AUV、生物取样器等。为了配合水下作业装置的稳定入水和顺利回收,需要通过一整套布放回收系统来实现。国内起吊装置多依赖于海外租赁,且国产起吊装置一般以固定于船艉的大型门架为主,小型A型门架功能单一,在海况复杂或负载较大情况下不具备作业能力。为了改变这种状况,本论文设计了一种便于运输的紧凑型A型门架布放回收系统。该系统由钢架结构、伸缩液压缸和液压绞车组成,用于实现A型门架的摆动和缆绳的收放。钢架结构分为A型门架和基架,A型门架上安装定滑轮,缆绳穿过定滑轮,分别连接负载和绞车。基架主要起到固定保护作用,液压缸、绞车、排缆器、防滑板、液压元器件、操作面板、工具箱等均安装在基架上。由于本文的布放回收系统应用于3000米深海环境,波浪升沉起伏会影响缆绳的收放,通过比较常用的五种补偿方式,本文选用可控绞车的方案。同时对缆绳受力进行分析,计算出绞车排缆速度上限,结合额定负载和钢缆直径进行绞车选型。本文对门架收放过程建立了运动方程,推算出液压缸理想的安装位置,并结合工况对液压缸进行选型。同时本文给出了滑轮、钢架结构和销轴的详细设计方案,以及设计中涉及的配合制和焊接问题。并对设计方案进行可行性评估,通过ForceEffect对门架横梁进行剪切力和弯矩分析,对危险截面进行校核并对失效结构更换许用应力更大的材料。通过HyperMesh和Ansys对整体钢架和销轴进行有限元分析,确保设计具有足够刚度、强度及稳定性。最后进行了液压系统设计,包括补偿回路、绞车回路以及同步双缸系统回路。其中补偿回路集成在可控绞车内部,起到减小波浪升沉起伏引起的负面作用。绞车回路主要具有两个功能,包括绞车的收放和制动。同步双缸系统回路起到对门架调整角度的作用,使A型门架能稳定在船舷内外运动。本文对所有回路进行详细的可行性分析,并通过AMESim建立液压系统回路,验证双缸同步性。本文阐述了液压控制原理和电磁铁控制顺序,并列举出主要液压元件选型,包括液压泵、电动机、溢流阀、电磁换向阀、平衡阀、节流阀、油管、油箱等。同时本文将绞车和门架的控制面板安放在布放回收系统的后部,与液压元件和管线集成一体。控制面板可显示各路油压,并有自动和手动控制功能。通过连接控制盒,能实现对绞车和液压缸的远程控制。
[Abstract]:As we explore the ocean, our underwater operations, detection and recording instruments dive deeper and deeper. At the same time, the lifting targets are more and more diverse, including marine core drilling rig, sediment coring device, submarine observation station, ROV/AUV, biological sampler and so on. In order to cooperate with the steady water entry and the smooth recovery of underwater operation equipment, a set of arrangement and recovery system should be adopted. Most of the domestic lifting devices depend on overseas leasing, and the domestic lifting devices are generally fixed to the stern of the ship's large portal frame, and the small type A gantry has a single function, and it does not have the ability to operate in the case of complex sea conditions or heavy loads. In order to change this situation, a compact type A gantry placement and recovery system is designed. The system is composed of steel frame structure, telescopic hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic winch. The structure of steel frame is divided into A type portal frame and base frame. Fixed pulley is installed on A type door frame, and cable passes through fixed pulley to connect load and winch respectively. The base frame mainly plays the role of fixed protection, hydraulic cylinder, winch, cable drain, anti-slip board, hydraulic components, operating panel, toolbox and so on are installed on the base. Because the arrangement and recovery system of this paper is applied to the 3000 meters deep sea environment, the wave heave and heave fluctuation will affect the cable recovery and discharge. By comparing the five common compensation methods, this paper chooses the scheme of controllable winch. At the same time, the force of cable is analyzed, the upper limit of cable discharge speed is calculated, and the winch type is selected combining rated load and cable diameter. In this paper, the motion equation of the door frame is established, the ideal installation position of the hydraulic cylinder is calculated, and the type selection of the hydraulic cylinder is carried out in combination with the working conditions. At the same time, the detailed design scheme of pulley, steel frame structure and pin shaft, as well as the matching and welding problems involved in the design are given in this paper. The feasibility of the design scheme is evaluated, and the shear force and bending moment of the portal girder are analyzed by ForceEffect. The dangerous section is checked and the materials with greater allowable stress are replaced by the failure structure. The finite element analysis of the integral steel frame and pin shaft is carried out by HyperMesh and Ansys to ensure that the design has sufficient stiffness, strength and stability. Finally, the hydraulic system is designed, including compensation loop, winch loop and synchronous double cylinder system loop. The compensation loop is integrated in the controlled winch, which can reduce the negative effect caused by the wave heave. The winch loop has two main functions, including winch retraction and braking. The synchronous double cylinder system loop plays an important role in adjusting the angle of the gantry, so that the type A gantry can move steadily inside and outside the ship's side. In this paper, the feasibility of all the circuits is analyzed in detail, and the hydraulic system loop is established by AMESim to verify the synchronization of two cylinders. This paper describes the hydraulic control principle and electromagnet control sequence, and lists the main hydraulic components including hydraulic pump, motor, relief valve, electromagnetic reversing valve, balance valve, throttle valve, oil pipe, oil tank and so on. At the same time, the control panel of winch and gantry is placed in the rear of the layout and recovery system, which is integrated with hydraulic components and pipelines. Control panel can display various oil pressure, and automatic and manual control function. Remote control of winch and hydraulic cylinder can be realized by connecting control box.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P751
[Abstract]:As we explore the ocean, our underwater operations, detection and recording instruments dive deeper and deeper. At the same time, the lifting targets are more and more diverse, including marine core drilling rig, sediment coring device, submarine observation station, ROV/AUV, biological sampler and so on. In order to cooperate with the steady water entry and the smooth recovery of underwater operation equipment, a set of arrangement and recovery system should be adopted. Most of the domestic lifting devices depend on overseas leasing, and the domestic lifting devices are generally fixed to the stern of the ship's large portal frame, and the small type A gantry has a single function, and it does not have the ability to operate in the case of complex sea conditions or heavy loads. In order to change this situation, a compact type A gantry placement and recovery system is designed. The system is composed of steel frame structure, telescopic hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic winch. The structure of steel frame is divided into A type portal frame and base frame. Fixed pulley is installed on A type door frame, and cable passes through fixed pulley to connect load and winch respectively. The base frame mainly plays the role of fixed protection, hydraulic cylinder, winch, cable drain, anti-slip board, hydraulic components, operating panel, toolbox and so on are installed on the base. Because the arrangement and recovery system of this paper is applied to the 3000 meters deep sea environment, the wave heave and heave fluctuation will affect the cable recovery and discharge. By comparing the five common compensation methods, this paper chooses the scheme of controllable winch. At the same time, the force of cable is analyzed, the upper limit of cable discharge speed is calculated, and the winch type is selected combining rated load and cable diameter. In this paper, the motion equation of the door frame is established, the ideal installation position of the hydraulic cylinder is calculated, and the type selection of the hydraulic cylinder is carried out in combination with the working conditions. At the same time, the detailed design scheme of pulley, steel frame structure and pin shaft, as well as the matching and welding problems involved in the design are given in this paper. The feasibility of the design scheme is evaluated, and the shear force and bending moment of the portal girder are analyzed by ForceEffect. The dangerous section is checked and the materials with greater allowable stress are replaced by the failure structure. The finite element analysis of the integral steel frame and pin shaft is carried out by HyperMesh and Ansys to ensure that the design has sufficient stiffness, strength and stability. Finally, the hydraulic system is designed, including compensation loop, winch loop and synchronous double cylinder system loop. The compensation loop is integrated in the controlled winch, which can reduce the negative effect caused by the wave heave. The winch loop has two main functions, including winch retraction and braking. The synchronous double cylinder system loop plays an important role in adjusting the angle of the gantry, so that the type A gantry can move steadily inside and outside the ship's side. In this paper, the feasibility of all the circuits is analyzed in detail, and the hydraulic system loop is established by AMESim to verify the synchronization of two cylinders. This paper describes the hydraulic control principle and electromagnet control sequence, and lists the main hydraulic components including hydraulic pump, motor, relief valve, electromagnetic reversing valve, balance valve, throttle valve, oil pipe, oil tank and so on. At the same time, the control panel of winch and gantry is placed in the rear of the layout and recovery system, which is integrated with hydraulic components and pipelines. Control panel can display various oil pressure, and automatic and manual control function. Remote control of winch and hydraulic cylinder can be realized by connecting control box.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P751
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