渤海湾沉积物重金属的分布特征及影响因素

发布时间：2018-11-18 10:27

【摘要】：2012-10-11对渤海湾18个站位(含4个沉积物柱状样站位)的沉积物进行采样分析,结果表明,5种主要的重金属(Cr,Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb)有相似的空间(水平方向)分布特征,即渤海湾西北部和渤海湾中部的沉积物重金属质量分数较高。利用地质累积指数法评价沉积物重金属污染程度,结果显示,Cd受到轻度污染。采用相关性分析和主成分分析,对污染物来源进行了探讨,推测渤海湾西北部高质量分数重金属很可能与排污口的排放有关。根据沉积物粒度分布特征,结合渤海湾的环流情况,推测沉积物重金属分布受渤海湾水流及其所导致的粒度变化所影响,进一步分析了放射性核素~(210)Pb活度的空间分布,在渤海湾西北部及中部的重金属高质量分数区域,210 Pb活度随埋藏深度呈现有规律的衰减且沉积速率较低,证实该区域沉积环境较为稳定,有利于携带重金属的悬浮物沉积。
[Abstract]:Sediment samples from 18 stations (including 4 columnar stations) in Bohai Bay were sampled and analyzed in 2012-10-11. The results showed that 5 major heavy metals (Cr,Cu,Zn,Cd,) Pb) has similar spatial (horizontal) distribution characteristics, that is, the heavy metal content of sediments in the northwestern Bohai Bay and the central Bohai Bay is higher than that in the middle of the Bohai Bay. The degree of heavy metal pollution in sediments was evaluated by the method of geological accumulation index. The results showed that Cd was slightly polluted. By means of correlation analysis and principal component analysis, the sources of pollutants were discussed, and it was speculated that the high mass fraction of heavy metals in northwestern Bohai Bay might be related to the discharge of sewage outlet. According to the characteristics of sediment granularity distribution and the circulation of Bohai Bay, it is inferred that the distribution of heavy metals in sediments is affected by the flow in Bohai Bay and its grain size variation, and the spatial distribution of radionuclide ~ (210) Pb activity is further analyzed. In the high mass fraction region of heavy metals in northwestern and central Bohai Bay, the activity of 210 Pb attenuates regularly with the burial depth and the deposition rate is low, which proves that the sedimentary environment in this area is relatively stable, which is beneficial to the sediment of suspended matter carrying heavy metals.
【作者单位】：天津大学力学系;河北工业大学海洋科学与工程学院;
【基金】：天津市自然科学基金重点项目——渤海叶绿素分布的年际变化特征及其水动力输运机理(16JCZDJC39400) 教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划——近海水生态环境数据驱动模型及其在渤海湾的应用(NCET-12-0406)
【分类号】：X55

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