浮体绳轮波浪发电装置结构形状试验研究

发布时间：2018-11-20 17:50

【摘要】：近年来,为了控制环境污染,解决能源危机,发展可再生清洁能源已经成为了当务之急,新能源产业也日益受到世界各国的重视。我国是海洋大国,海洋能源蕴含量极其丰富,因此,积极发展海洋可再生清洁能源技术,成为了我国新能源战略的一个重要组成部分。本论文课题就是依托于国家可再生能源专项资金资助项目“浮体绳轮波浪发电技术研究与试验”,主要研究浮体绳轮波浪发电装置的浮体形状。浮体绳轮波浪发电技术是一种振荡浮子式的发电技术,主要利用绳轮结构来采集波浪能量,具有结构简单、成本低、效率高等特点。本文研究的主要目的是寻求合理的浮体结构形状,以期采集波浪能能力达到最大,研究内容对整个项目的顺利完成具有重要的理论和实际意义。本文研究内容如下： 1、简单介绍本项目发电装置的原理,对浮体进行水动力分析,总结出附连水质量的计算方法,并推导出浮体在无阻尼自由振荡下的湿固有频率。结合小球弹簧振动系统推导出波浪中浮体的垂荡响应方程,求得浮体在垂荡方向上波浪能的吸收效率表达式。 2、针对三种不同底面形状的浮体,计算比较了相同质量的情况下不同底面形状浮体的吃水深度,并推导出了三种不同底面形状浮体波浪力表达式,最后根据理论推导,结合实际条件,寻找到测算附连水质量的方法。 3、针对共振浮体与轻薄浮体,通过浮体的垂荡响应方程,分析了波浪频率对共振浮体垂荡振幅的影响,并求得共振情况下浮体振幅与波振幅的放大倍数。 4、结合ANSYS-AQWA软件对浮体运动进行仿真分析,比较了三种不同底面形状浮体的附连水质量、湿固有频率以及垂荡方向上所受波浪力的大小,得出凸形底面浮体附连水质量最小,所受波浪力最大；比较了共振浮体与轻薄浮体自由运动的垂荡振幅以及增加外部阻尼力之后的垂荡振幅,得出共振浮体自由运动垂荡振幅大于轻薄浮体,外部阻尼力对共振浮体垂荡振幅影响远大于轻薄浮体。 5、结合实验室条件对以上理论以及仿真分析进行试验验证,验证得出凸形底面浮体附连水质量最小,发电功率最大,较适合浮体绳轮波浪发电装置；受绳子拉力作用,共振浮体发电功率小于轻薄浮体,其原因主要是绳子上的阻尼力对共振浮体垂荡振幅影响远大于轻薄浮体。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in order to control environmental pollution and solve the energy crisis, the development of renewable clean energy has become an urgent task, and the new energy industry has been paid more and more attention in the world. China is a big marine country with abundant marine energy. Therefore, the active development of marine renewable clean energy technology has become an important part of China's new energy strategy. This thesis is based on the national renewable energy project "Research and experiment of floating Wheel Wave Power Generation Technology", which mainly studies the floating body shape of floating Rope Wheel Wave Power Generation device. Floating bobbin wave power generation technology is a kind of oscillating float power generation technology. It mainly uses rope wheel structure to collect wave energy. It has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, high efficiency and so on. The main purpose of this paper is to find a reasonable shape of floating body structure in order to obtain the maximum wave energy. The research content has important theoretical and practical significance for the successful completion of the whole project. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The principle of this project is briefly introduced, the hydrodynamic analysis of floating body is carried out, the calculation method of attached water mass is summarized, and the wet natural frequency of floating body under undamped free oscillation is deduced. Based on the small ball spring vibration system, the response equation of floating body in wave is derived, and the expression of wave energy absorption efficiency is obtained. 2. For three kinds of floating bodies with different bottom shape, the draught depth of different bottom shape floating bodies with the same mass is calculated and compared, and the wave force expressions of three different bottom shape floating bodies are derived. Finally, according to the theoretical derivation, According to the actual conditions, the method of measuring the quality of attached water is found. 3. For the resonant floating body and the light floating body, the influence of wave frequency on the oscillating amplitude of the resonant floating body is analyzed by the pendulum response equation of the floating body, and the magnification of the floating body amplitude and the wave amplitude under the resonance condition is obtained. 4. Combined with ANSYS-AQWA software, the motion of floating body is simulated and analyzed. The attached water mass, wet natural frequency and wave force in three different bottom shapes of floating body are compared. It is concluded that the mass of attached water is the smallest and the wave force is the largest. By comparing the free motion amplitude of resonant floating body with that of light and thin floating body, and by increasing the external damping force, it is concluded that the free motion swing amplitude of resonance floating body is larger than that of light and thin floating body. The influence of external damping force on the swing amplitude of the resonant floating body is much greater than that of the light floating body. 5. The above theory and simulation analysis are tested and verified by the laboratory conditions. The results show that the floating body with convex bottom surface has the minimum attached water quality and the largest generating power, which is more suitable for the wave power generating device of the floating body rope wheel. The power of resonance floating body is less than that of light floating body because the damping force on the rope has much greater influence on the swing amplitude of resonance floating body than that of thin floating body.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM612;P743.2

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