胶州湾沉积物重金属形态不同浸取方法的比较与污染讯息指示作用初探

发布时间：2018-11-21 11:56

【摘要】：海洋沉积物中重金属的活性形态对于指示沉积物污染状况具有重要作用,为探寻简洁且能够有效提取重金属活性形态的浸提方法,实验研究了0.1mol/L和1mol/L盐酸的单级提取和欧共体标准局(European Community Bureau of Reference)提出的BCR分级提取法对胶州湾表层沉积物中重金属(Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn)和Al、Fe、Mn的浸取效果。结果显示,3种提取方法提取的金属含量呈显著正相关关系,两种浓度的稀盐酸对BCR方法中的酸可提取态和可还原态金属均具有较好浸提效果,但对可氧化态金属浸提能力相对较弱。不同提取方法的人为信号指数(ASI)计算结果表明,BCR浸取法提取结果的金属ASI值最大,表明其对沉积物中金属活性形态提取效率较高;1mol/L HCl提取结果的金属ASI值最低,可能是较高浓度强酸使沉积物较大颗粒内层中"惰性"金属被浸取出来,"增加"了金属活性组分的污染讯息信号;对沉积物中Cu、Pb和Zn而言,0.1mol/L HCl提取结果的ASI值与BCR方法接近。经过Al归一化后,0.1mol/L HCl浸提的重金属含量的空间分布与胶州湾的实际污染状况相吻合,表明0.1mol/L的HCl在一定程度上能够代替复杂的BCR浸取法,此方法可简化重金属活性形态的提取步骤,适合大范围沉积物重金属污染评价。
[Abstract]:The active forms of heavy metals in marine sediments play an important role in indicating the pollution status of sediments. The single-stage extraction of 0.1mol/L and 1mol/L hydrochloric acid and the extraction of heavy metals (Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn) and Al,Fe, from surface sediments of Jiaozhou Bay by BCR classification method proposed by (European Community Bureau of Reference) of EEC Standard Bureau were studied experimentally. The extraction effect of Mn. The results showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the metal contents extracted by the three extraction methods, and the two concentrations of dilute hydrochloric acid had a good effect on the extraction of acid extractable and reducible metals in the BCR method. However, the extraction ability of oxidized metals is relatively weak. The calculated results of artificial signal index (ASI) of different extraction methods showed that the ASI value of metal extracted by BCR leaching method was the highest, which indicated that the extraction efficiency of metal active form in sediment was higher. The ASI value of metal extracted by 1mol/L HCl was the lowest, which may be due to the high concentration of strong acid, which caused the "inert" metal in the inner layer of larger particles to be leached out, which "increased" the contamination signal of the active component of the metal. For Cu,Pb and Zn in sediment, the ASI value of 0.1mol/L HCl extraction was close to that of BCR method. After normalization of Al, the spatial distribution of heavy metals extracted by 0.1mol/L HCl coincides with the actual pollution in Jiaozhou Bay, indicating that the HCl of 0.1mol/L can replace the complex BCR leaching method to some extent. This method can simplify the extraction process of heavy metal active speciation and is suitable for the assessment of heavy metal pollution in large scale sediments.
【作者单位】：中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境重点实验室;中国科学院大学;青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室;
【基金】：国家973项目课题(2015CB452901) 国家自然科学基金与山东省联合资助项目课题(U1406403) 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室“鳌山人才”计划项目(2015ASTP-OS13) 中科院仪器设备功能开发项目(gyh201301)
【分类号】：X55

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