基于STM32的波浪能发电装置离岸监测系统设计

发布时间：2018-12-17 19:54

【摘要】：能源短缺和环境污染成为制约社会发展的一个瓶颈，海洋能作为一种可再生的清洁能源，主要包括潮汐能、潮流能、波浪能、温差能等，世界各国对海洋能的开发与利用越来越重视。本课题在2011年海洋可再生能源专项资金项目“用于海洋资料浮标观测系统的波浪能供电关键技术的研究与实验”的资助下，针对波浪能发电装置深处环境恶劣的海洋、远离海岸、维修困难的特点，设计了基于STM32的波浪能发电装置离岸监测系统，以实时监测波浪能发电装置的工作状态，使波浪能发电装置的维护模式从计划检修转变为状态监测、按需维修。论文首先介绍了波浪能发电装置的基本结构及工作原理，针对波浪能发电装置电压、电流、转速等参数的监测需要，，设计了波浪能发电装置离岸监测系统框架。该系统主要由数据采集处理模块、数据远程传输模块以及数据监控终端三部分组成，系统采用主从结构，数据监控终端作为主机，数据采集处理模块作为从机。基于该框架重点研究了以下内容：①通过分析各种电压、电流、转速传感器工作原理，结合该监测系统需求，选择了霍尔电压传感器、霍尔电流传感器、霍尔转速传感器采集发电装置的电压、电流、转速信号；根据数据远程传输的需要，采用DTU（GPRS数据传输单元）作为数据远程传输模块。②采用STM32F373VC型微处理器设计了传感器接口电路和RS232接口电路，设计了从机程序，实现了A/D转换及转速计算功能；设计了Modbus通信协议程序，使机响应主机的查询消息后，按照Modbus通信协议对监测数据打包，并将数据包通过RS232接口发送至DTU，通过GPRS无线通信网络将数据发送至主机。③设计了数据监控终端软件，采用socket接口实现了基于TCP协议的网络通信；设计了Modbus主机程序和界面显示程序，实现了主机向从机发送查询消息，数据监控终端接收并解析数据包以及数据显示、保存。最后，在实验室环境下，利用变频器、电动机、发电机、三相整流桥以及直流电子负载等搭建了一个发电机工作平台，利用本文设计的监测系统对发电机的电压、电流、转速进行了实时在线监测。实验结果表明，该监测系统工作稳定，达到了设计的预期目标，可以满足波浪能发电装置离岸监测的需要。
[Abstract]:Energy shortage and environmental pollution have become a bottleneck restricting the development of society. Ocean energy, as a renewable and clean energy, mainly includes tidal energy, wave energy, temperature difference energy, etc. Countries all over the world pay more and more attention to the exploitation and utilization of oceanic energy. This project is supported by 2011 Special funding Project of Marine Renewable Energy, "Research and experiment on the key Technologies of Wave Energy supply for Ocean data buoy observing system", aiming at the ocean in the depths of wave power generation devices. The offshore monitoring system of wave energy generator based on STM32 is designed to monitor the working state of wave energy generator in real time. The maintenance mode of wave power generating equipment is changed from scheduled maintenance to condition monitoring and on-demand maintenance. Firstly, the paper introduces the basic structure and working principle of wave energy generator, and designs an offshore monitoring system framework for wave energy generation equipment, aiming at the monitoring requirements of voltage, current and rotational speed of wave energy generator. The system is mainly composed of data acquisition and processing module, data remote transmission module and data monitoring terminal. The system adopts master-slave structure, data monitoring terminal as host computer, data acquisition and processing module as slave machine. Based on this framework, the following contents are emphatically studied: 1 by analyzing the working principle of various voltage, current and rotational speed sensors and combining the requirements of the monitoring system, the Hall voltage sensor and Hall current sensor are selected. Hall speed sensor to collect the voltage, current, speed signal; According to the need of data remote transmission, DTU (GPRS data transmission unit is adopted as the data remote transmission module. (2) the sensor interface circuit and RS232 interface circuit are designed by using STM32F373VC microprocessor, and the slave computer program is designed. The function of A- / D conversion and speed calculation is realized. A Modbus communication protocol program is designed to package the monitoring data according to the Modbus communication protocol after the machine responds to the query message of the host computer, and sends the data to the DTU, through the RS232 interface. The data is transmitted to the host through the GPRS wireless communication network. 3 the software of data monitoring terminal is designed, and the network communication based on TCP protocol is realized by socket interface. The Modbus host program and the interface display program are designed. The host sends the query message to the slave, and the data monitor terminal receives and parses the data packet and the data display, and saves the data. Finally, in the laboratory environment, using frequency converter, motor, generator, three-phase rectifier bridge and DC electronic load to build a generator working platform, using the monitoring system designed in this paper to the generator voltage, current, The speed is monitored in real time. The experimental results show that the monitoring system works stably, achieves the expected design goal, and can meet the needs of offshore monitoring of wave power generation devices.
【学位授予单位】：青岛理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P743.2;TM612

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