大深度海水液压柱塞马达容积效率及扭矩特性仿真研究

发布时间：2018-12-30 21:49

【摘要】：海水液压动力驱动的水下作业工具以海水为工作介质,具有工作可靠性高、系统简单、效率高、对海洋环境污染小、作业深度范围广、可设计为开式系统等优点,是未来水下作业工具的新趋势。海水液压马达作为旋转型液压作业工具的动力元件,决定着作业工具的工作性能,随着大深度水下作业需求的增加,研究其在大深度海洋环境中的特性变得十分必要。本文针对不同海深压力对海水液压轴向柱塞马达容积效率和扭矩特性产生不同影响的问题,采用流体仿真和数值仿真的方法进行研究。先建立单柱塞腔流动特性模型,利用数值仿真获得马达转动过程中柱塞腔内的动态压力变化;然后运用Workbench平台下的Fluent模块和Structural模块对马达柱塞副进行流固耦合分析,得到不同海深下柱塞副转动到相对下死点不同位置处的动态变形量和由变形引起的柱塞副泄漏量;其次,对柱塞马达主要零部件进行动力学分析,求出斜盘对单个滑靴体的支反力,并由此得到在所有滑靴体支反力共同作用下产生的驱动扭矩模型和马达转动时各个位置处的摩擦扭矩模型,通过数值仿真分析不同海深压力对马达扭矩特性产生的影响。通过本文研究发现:马达工作于大深度环境时,随着工作海深的增加,柱塞副变形量增加,泄漏量随之增加,致使马达容积效率降低;随工作海深增加,启动时刻的摩擦扭矩增大,启动效率低,启动性能变差,到达稳定运转状态所用时间较长,且稳定状态下的转动角速度、驱动转矩、输出转矩都会随之变小。
[Abstract]:The underwater working tools driven by seawater hydraulic power have the advantages of high reliability, simple system, high efficiency, low pollution to marine environment, wide range of operating depth, and can be designed as open system. It is a new trend of underwater operation tools in the future. As the power element of rotary hydraulic operating tools, seawater hydraulic motors determine the working performance of the tools. With the increase of underwater operation demand, it is necessary to study the characteristics of seawater hydraulic motors in the deep marine environment. In this paper, fluid simulation and numerical simulation are used to study the effect of different sea depth pressures on volumetric efficiency and torque characteristics of seawater hydraulic axial plunger motor. Firstly, the flow characteristic model of single plunger cavity is established, and the dynamic pressure change in the plunger cavity during motor rotation is obtained by numerical simulation. Then the fluid-solid coupling analysis of motor plunger pair is carried out by using Fluent module and Structural module based on Workbench platform, and the dynamic deformation and leakage of plunger pair caused by deformation are obtained when the plunger pair rotates to different positions of relative dead point under different sea depths. Secondly, the dynamic analysis of the main parts of the plunger motor is carried out, and the supporting reaction force of the tilted disk to the single slider body is obtained. The driving torque model and the friction torque model at each position when the motor rotates under the combined action of the support and reaction force of all sliding boots are obtained, and the effects of different sea depth pressures on the torque characteristics of the motor are analyzed by numerical simulation. In this paper, it is found that when the motor works in a deep environment, with the increase of the working sea depth, the deformation of the plunger pair increases and the leakage increases, which results in the reduction of the motor volume efficiency. With the increase of working sea depth, the friction torque of starting time increases, the starting efficiency is low, the starting performance becomes worse, the time to get to the stable running state is longer, and the rotation angular velocity, the driving torque and the output torque of the steady state will all become smaller.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P754;TH137.51

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