珠江三角洲径潮相互作用下潮能的传播和衰减

发布时间：2019-01-02 12:22

【摘要】：因径流潮汐相互作用,三角洲各水道的能通量包含径流引起的净通量及潮汐引起的潮能通量。本文利用珠江三角洲多断面实测水位及流量的同步测量数据,建立基于径潮耦合的调和分析模型,剥离径流信号,计算出各站的总潮能及M_2、K_1及高频浅水分潮的潮能,对珠江三角洲潮能的沿程传播及衰减进行研究。结果表明,通过虎门进入珠江三角洲的潮波能量约占51.2%,而通过崖门、蕉门、磨刀门传入三角洲的潮能约占37%;同时,因地形摩擦、径流耗能效应,三角洲各水道的总能量损耗为148.33MW。潮波能量按汇聚型和分散型两大类型沿三角洲不同位置传播并沿程衰减。虎门狮子洋及珠江正干、崖门至潭江石咀两大水道体系,其潮能沿程分散传入不同汊道,断面总潮能的衰减幅度大于单宽潮能通量的衰减,单宽潮动能沿程平均衰减速率大于潮势能,半日分潮的潮能衰减速率大于全日分潮。虎门狮子洋因其形态影响,M2分潮振幅(或势能)的衰减最小,虎门至泗盛围段增加,平均每千米约增加0.77%。西四口门潮能汇聚于西海水道天河断面,总潮能的衰减速率小于磨刀门水道单宽潮能衰减速率。沿横门、洪奇门、蕉门进入的潮波多次交汇、分散,自横门至小榄、南华,南沙至海尾、荣奇,其单宽潮动能及M2、K1分潮动能的衰减速率小于潮势能,高频分潮势能沿程增加。
[Abstract]:Due to the interaction of runoff and tide, the energy fluxes of delta waterways include net fluxes caused by runoff and tidal energy fluxes caused by tides. In this paper, a harmonic analysis model based on diameter-tide coupling is established based on synchronous measurement data of multi-section measured water level and discharge in the Pearl River Delta. The total tidal energy and M2s of each station are calculated by stripping off runoff signals. The propagation and attenuation of tidal energy in Pearl River Delta are studied by using K-1 and high frequency shallow water tidal energy. The results show that the tidal wave energy entering the Pearl River Delta through Humen accounts for about 51.2 percent, while the tidal energy through the Yamen, Jiaomen and Modaomen accounts for about 37 percent. At the same time, because of topography friction and energy dissipation effect of runoff, the total energy loss of each channel in the delta is 148.33 MW. Tidal wave energy propagates and attenuates along different positions of delta according to convergent type and dispersed type. The tidal energy of Humen Lion Ocean and Pearl River, Yamen to Tanjiang River Shizui is dispersed into different branches along the course, and the attenuation of total tidal energy in section is greater than that of single wide tide energy flux. The average attenuation rate of the kinetic energy along the course of a single wide tide is greater than that of the potential energy of the tide, and the attenuation rate of the tidal energy of the semidiurnal component is greater than that of the whole day. Due to its morphological influence, the attenuation of M2 tidal amplitude (or potential energy) is the least, and the increase of Humen to Simeng circumference section, with an average increase of 0.77 meters per kilometer. The tide energy of Xisikoumen is converged on the Tianhe section of the Xihai waterway, and the attenuation rate of the total tidal energy is smaller than that of the single wide tidal energy of the Motaiaomen waterway. Along Hengmen, Hongqimen and Jiaomen, the tidal waves entering into the river converge and disperse. The attenuation rate of the tidal energy from Hengmen to Siu Lam, South China, Nansha to Haiwei and Rongqi is smaller than that of tidal potential energy, and the single wide tidal kinetic energy and the kinetic energy of the M2K1 component are smaller than the tidal potential energy. The potential energy of high frequency tidal component increases along the range.
【作者单位】：中山大学海洋学院河口海岸研究所;河口水利技术国家地方联合工程实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41106015)
【分类号】：P731.23

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