基于渗透汽化膜的海水淡化膜组器的设计与制作
发布时间：2019-03-07 10:41
【摘要】：由于淡水资源的多度开发以及水体污染的日益加重,水资源的缺乏日益严重。海水淡化有助于缓解水资源短缺的现状。经过几十年的发展,海水淡化技术已经被广泛使用,但仍旧存在许多不足,需要新技术的填补。渗透汽化膜技术作为一种新兴的膜技术多被用于有机溶液的分离、脱水等领域。近期研究发现新型的磺化渗透汽化膜对水分子就有较高的通量,并且能处理高浓度盐水,使其有望成为新一代海水淡化膜技术。本论文采用一种高水通量的磺化高分子非对称渗透汽化膜,研制了新型的渗透汽化膜组器装置。该装置使用的是自行研制的新型自支撑板框式膜组器,膜组器采用白刚玉砂轮作为膜下侧支撑材料,不锈钢框架作为固定连接部件。装置的设计过程主要包括：根据温度、真空度和料液浓度对膜通量的影响确定装置的基本工艺条件；使用数学模型对膜上下两侧的温度场变化进行了模拟,使用FLUENT软件对板间距对蒸汽流动阻力的影响进行了模拟,由此确定膜组器中板框尺寸的,以及料液的加热方式；根据砂轮尺寸设计膜组器,并为膜组器的设计配套装置,装置包括料液循环加热系统、真空冷凝系统和检测控制系统；按照设计图纸对装置进行加工组装；对装置进行优化改进,采用流体模拟软件FLUENT对板框中的流场分布进行了模拟优化,并用染色测试法对其进行了验证；最后对改进后的装置进行了运行能力评估,评估结果表明：在处理3.5wt%NaCl盐水时,产水量可达到70 L/d。
[Abstract]:Due to the exploitation of fresh water resources and the aggravation of water pollution, the shortage of water resources is becoming more and more serious. Desalination helps to alleviate the shortage of water resources. After decades of development, desalination technology has been widely used, but there are still many deficiencies, which need to be filled by new technology. Pervaporation membrane technology, as a new membrane technology, is widely used in the separation and dehydration of organic solutions. Recently, it has been found that the sulfonated pervaporation membrane has a high flux to water molecules and can deal with high concentration of salt water, which makes it a promising new generation seawater desalination membrane technology. In this paper, a novel pervaporation membrane assembler was developed by using a high water flux sulfonated polymer asymmetric pervaporation membrane. The device uses a new type of self-supporting plate frame membrane assembler which uses white corundum grinding wheel as the underside supporting material and stainless steel frame as the fixed connecting part. The design process of the device mainly includes: the basic process conditions of the unit are determined according to the influence of temperature, vacuum degree and liquid concentration on the flux of the membrane; The temperature field on the upper and lower sides of the membrane was simulated by using mathematical model, and the effect of plate spacing on the resistance of steam flow was simulated by using FLUENT software, so as to determine the size of the plate and frame in the membrane assembler and the heating mode of the liquid. According to the size of grinding wheel, the membrane assembler is designed, and the device includes material-liquid circulation heating system, vacuum condensation system and detection control system, and the device is processed and assembled according to the design drawing. The flow field distribution in the plate and frame is simulated and optimized by the fluid simulation software FLUENT and verified by the dyeing test method. Finally, the operation capacity of the improved plant is evaluated, and the results show that the water yield can reach 70 L / d when the 3.5wt%NaCl salt water is treated.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P747.6
本文编号：2436043
[Abstract]:Due to the exploitation of fresh water resources and the aggravation of water pollution, the shortage of water resources is becoming more and more serious. Desalination helps to alleviate the shortage of water resources. After decades of development, desalination technology has been widely used, but there are still many deficiencies, which need to be filled by new technology. Pervaporation membrane technology, as a new membrane technology, is widely used in the separation and dehydration of organic solutions. Recently, it has been found that the sulfonated pervaporation membrane has a high flux to water molecules and can deal with high concentration of salt water, which makes it a promising new generation seawater desalination membrane technology. In this paper, a novel pervaporation membrane assembler was developed by using a high water flux sulfonated polymer asymmetric pervaporation membrane. The device uses a new type of self-supporting plate frame membrane assembler which uses white corundum grinding wheel as the underside supporting material and stainless steel frame as the fixed connecting part. The design process of the device mainly includes: the basic process conditions of the unit are determined according to the influence of temperature, vacuum degree and liquid concentration on the flux of the membrane; The temperature field on the upper and lower sides of the membrane was simulated by using mathematical model, and the effect of plate spacing on the resistance of steam flow was simulated by using FLUENT software, so as to determine the size of the plate and frame in the membrane assembler and the heating mode of the liquid. According to the size of grinding wheel, the membrane assembler is designed, and the device includes material-liquid circulation heating system, vacuum condensation system and detection control system, and the device is processed and assembled according to the design drawing. The flow field distribution in the plate and frame is simulated and optimized by the fluid simulation software FLUENT and verified by the dyeing test method. Finally, the operation capacity of the improved plant is evaluated, and the results show that the water yield can reach 70 L / d when the 3.5wt%NaCl salt water is treated.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P747.6
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