星载微波辐射计中高海况海气界面气象参数信息提取技术
发布时间：2019-04-10 21:20
【摘要】：在中等海况下,星载微波辐射计可以大范围获取海面风速等海气界面气象要素信息。然而,在台风、飓风等高海况环境下,由于微波辐射计业务化的风速反演算法是基于中高频的微波数据来反演海面风速,而相较于受降雨和大气水蒸汽影响较小的低频微波信号,10.7 GHz以上的高频微波信号受雨滴和水蒸气的影响很大。因此,目前辐射计业务化算法无法获取高海况下海面风速的信息。本文主要研究飓风、台风等高海况下辐射计海面风速反演算法。由于6.9GHz水平极化通道的亮温对海面风速敏感且对雨滴和大气水蒸气不敏感,因此本文利用搭载在AQUA卫星和GCOM-W1卫星上的被动式微波辐射计AMSR-E和AMSR2 6.9 GHz水平极化通道的亮温资料来反演2002-2014年北大西洋飓风海况下的海面风速。AMSR-E和AMSR2在2002-2014年与SFMR匹配的数据集共包含53个飓风的信息。基于小斜率小扰动模型(SSA/SPM)和高风速海面粗糙度谱(H13谱)结合亮温资料可反演海面风速,并且可利用SFMR的观测结果来验证反演精度。风速的反演结果和SFMR的观测值相比,2002-2014年的统计反演偏差和均方根误差分别为1.11和4.34 m/s,表明在高海况条件下本文的高风速反演算法可获得较为准确的海面风速信息。而飓风Earl的风速反演偏差和均方根误差分别为1.08和3.93 m/s；飓风Edouard的偏差和均方根误差分别为0.09和3.23m/s。并且AMSR-E和AMSR2连续三天的飓风风速反演结果清晰地反映了飓风增强和减弱的过程；同时台风梅花和灿鸿的反演结果也说明本文的反演算法同样可监测台风的动态特征。在高海况环境下,本研究也基于AMSR-E和AMSR2 6.9 GHz水平和垂直极化通道的亮温资料来反演海表温度,反演结果与SFMR和HYCOM的海温数据相比,偏差和均方根误差分别为0和2.52℃。此外本文还验证了中等海况条件下反演算法对风速和海温的适用性,结果均表明本文的算法同样可获取中等海况下海面风速和海表温度的信息。在高海况海面风速和海表温度的反演过程中,海表温度、菲涅尔反射系数、粗糙度谱、降雨等参数会影响海面风速和海表温的反演精度,因此在将来的研究中需要对这些影响因子进行校正,去除降雨对亮温信号的影响,进一步提高风速和海温的反演精度。
[Abstract]:In medium sea conditions, space-borne microwave radiometer can obtain meteorological elements of sea-air interface in a wide range, such as sea surface wind speed and so on. However, in high sea conditions such as typhoons and hurricanes, due to the operation of microwave radiometer wind speed inversion algorithm is based on the middle and high frequency microwave data to retrieve the sea surface wind speed. Compared with the low-frequency microwave signals which are less affected by rainfall and atmospheric water vapor, the high-frequency microwave signals above 10.7 GHz are greatly affected by rain droplets and water vapor. Therefore, at present, the radiometer operational algorithm can not obtain the information of sea surface wind speed under high sea conditions. This paper mainly studies the inversion algorithm of sea surface wind velocity by radiometer under the condition of hurricane and typhoon. Because the brightness temperature of the 6.9GHz horizontal polarization channel is sensitive to sea surface wind speed and not to rain droplets and atmospheric water vapor, Therefore, the brightness temperature data of the horizontal polarization channels of the passive microwave radiometers AMSR-E and AMSR2 6.9 GHz carried on the AQUA and GCOM-W1 satellites are used to retrieve the sea surface wind speed under the sea conditions of the North Atlantic Hurricane from 2002 to 2014. The data set of AMSR-E and AMSR2 matching SFMR in 2002-2014 contains 53 hurricanes. Based on the small slope and small disturbance model (SSA/SPM) and the high wind speed sea surface roughness spectrum (H13 spectrum), the sea surface wind speed can be retrieved by combining the bright temperature data, and the inversion accuracy can be verified by the observation results of SFMR. Compared with the SFMR observations, the statistical inversion deviation and root mean square error for 2002-2014 are 1.11 and 4.34 mm2, respectively. It is shown that the high wind speed inversion algorithm presented in this paper can obtain more accurate information of sea surface wind speed under high sea conditions. The wind speed inversion deviation and root mean square error of Hurricane Earl are 1.08 and 3.93 mm2 respectively, and the deviation and root mean square error of Hurricane Edouard are 0.09 and 3.23 mm2 respectively. The inversion results of hurricane wind speed of AMSR-E and AMSR2 for three consecutive days clearly reflect the process of hurricane enhancement and decrease, and the inversion results of typhoon Meihua and Canhong also show that the inversion algorithm presented in this paper can also monitor the dynamic characteristics of typhoon. In high sea conditions, the sea surface temperature is also retrieved based on the bright temperature data of AMSR-E and AMSR2 6.9 GHz horizontal and vertical polarization channels. The results are compared with the SST data of SFMR and HYCOM. The deviation and root mean square error are 0 鈩，
本文编号：2456142
[Abstract]:In medium sea conditions, space-borne microwave radiometer can obtain meteorological elements of sea-air interface in a wide range, such as sea surface wind speed and so on. However, in high sea conditions such as typhoons and hurricanes, due to the operation of microwave radiometer wind speed inversion algorithm is based on the middle and high frequency microwave data to retrieve the sea surface wind speed. Compared with the low-frequency microwave signals which are less affected by rainfall and atmospheric water vapor, the high-frequency microwave signals above 10.7 GHz are greatly affected by rain droplets and water vapor. Therefore, at present, the radiometer operational algorithm can not obtain the information of sea surface wind speed under high sea conditions. This paper mainly studies the inversion algorithm of sea surface wind velocity by radiometer under the condition of hurricane and typhoon. Because the brightness temperature of the 6.9GHz horizontal polarization channel is sensitive to sea surface wind speed and not to rain droplets and atmospheric water vapor, Therefore, the brightness temperature data of the horizontal polarization channels of the passive microwave radiometers AMSR-E and AMSR2 6.9 GHz carried on the AQUA and GCOM-W1 satellites are used to retrieve the sea surface wind speed under the sea conditions of the North Atlantic Hurricane from 2002 to 2014. The data set of AMSR-E and AMSR2 matching SFMR in 2002-2014 contains 53 hurricanes. Based on the small slope and small disturbance model (SSA/SPM) and the high wind speed sea surface roughness spectrum (H13 spectrum), the sea surface wind speed can be retrieved by combining the bright temperature data, and the inversion accuracy can be verified by the observation results of SFMR. Compared with the SFMR observations, the statistical inversion deviation and root mean square error for 2002-2014 are 1.11 and 4.34 mm2, respectively. It is shown that the high wind speed inversion algorithm presented in this paper can obtain more accurate information of sea surface wind speed under high sea conditions. The wind speed inversion deviation and root mean square error of Hurricane Earl are 1.08 and 3.93 mm2 respectively, and the deviation and root mean square error of Hurricane Edouard are 0.09 and 3.23 mm2 respectively. The inversion results of hurricane wind speed of AMSR-E and AMSR2 for three consecutive days clearly reflect the process of hurricane enhancement and decrease, and the inversion results of typhoon Meihua and Canhong also show that the inversion algorithm presented in this paper can also monitor the dynamic characteristics of typhoon. In high sea conditions, the sea surface temperature is also retrieved based on the bright temperature data of AMSR-E and AMSR2 6.9 GHz horizontal and vertical polarization channels. The results are compared with the SST data of SFMR and HYCOM. The deviation and root mean square error are 0 鈩，
本文编号：2456142
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