重力式潮流水轮机支撑结构设计与性能分析

发布时间：2019-04-27 17:38

【摘要】：潮流能是一种潜力巨大的清洁可再生能源,因其具有能量密度大、可预测性强等优点受到世界各国的青睐。目前国内外运行的潮流能发电装置,其支撑结构形式主要有重力式、桩柱式和漂浮式,其中重力式结构生产技术成熟,且固定于海底,作业状态稳定,是大多数潮流能水轮机载体设计的首选形式。潮流能水轮机支撑结构是承载水轮机的基础部件,是水轮机安全、稳定运行的保证,同时也是影响潮流能电站经济效益的重要因素之一,因此,潮流能水轮机支撑结构的设计研究具有重要的现实意义。本文提出了一种新型重力式潮流水轮机支撑结构,并利用ANSYS有限元软件对支撑结构进行了结构优化设计和性能分析。本文主要研究内容包括:(1)系统地回顾了国内外潮流能应用的发展现状,在归纳总结了各类潮流水轮机支撑结构分类形式的基础上,提出了2×600kW重力式潮流能水轮机支撑结构的形式;(2)确定设计结构构件主尺度和布置形式,根据设计海况资料,参照DNV-OS-J101规范,计算出支撑结构的设计载荷,包括:风载荷、波浪载荷、海流载荷以及冰载荷,并考虑了 12种载荷组合工况;(3)利用ANSYS有限元软件对支撑结构进行静力强度分析,校核支撑结构的强度与刚度;(4)基于响应面法,利用NLPQL (Non-Linear Programming by Quadratic Lagrangian)优化算法对支撑结构主要构件进行尺寸优化设计,获得了更为合理的结构设计,优化后的结构自重减轻了 9%; (5)考虑结构的刚化效应,对支撑结构进行了模态分析,得到支撑结构固有频率。结果表明支撑结构的固有频率避开了水轮机工作的激振频率以及立柱主体涡激振动频率,结构不会发生共振;(6)研究了支撑结构立柱在环向、轴向的稳定性,分别进行了特征值屈曲分析和双非线性屈曲分析。计算结果表明立柱部分所受的环向、轴向工作载荷未超过特征值屈曲和双非线性屈曲分析所计算出的临界屈曲载荷,立柱结构不会发生屈曲失稳。计算结果均表明本文设计的支撑结构安全、合理,本文的研究工作为重力式潮流水轮机支撑结构的设计和分析提供了参考。
[Abstract]:Tidal energy is a kind of clean renewable energy with great potential. It has many advantages, such as high energy density, high predictability and so on, which have been favored by many countries all over the world. At present, the main supporting structures of the tidal current energy generating devices at home and abroad are gravity type, pile type and floating type, in which the gravity structure production technology is mature, and it is fixed on the bottom of the sea, and the operation condition is stable. It is the first choice for the design of most tidal turbine carriers. The supporting structure of tidal turbine is the basic component of carrying hydraulic turbine, it is the guarantee of safe and stable operation of hydraulic turbine, and it is also one of the important factors affecting the economic benefit of tidal power station. The research on the design of the support structure of tidal turbine has important practical significance. In this paper, a new type of gravity tidal turbine bracing structure is proposed, and the structural optimization design and performance analysis of the supporting structure are carried out by using ANSYS finite element software. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the current situation of the application of tidal current energy at home and abroad is reviewed systematically, and on the basis of summarizing the classification forms of various types of tidal turbine support structures, the main contents of this paper are as follows: The supporting structure of 2 脳 600kW gravity tidal turbine is presented. (2) to determine the main dimensions and layout forms of the designed structural members, and to calculate the design loads of the supporting structures, including wind loads, wave loads, ocean current loads and ice loads, according to the data of the design sea conditions and referring to the DNV-OS-J101 code. At the same time, 12 kinds of combined load conditions are taken into account. (3) the static strength analysis of bracing structure is carried out by using ANSYS finite element software, and the strength and stiffness of bracing structure are checked. (4) based on the response surface method, the NLPQL (Non-Linear Programming by Quadratic Lagrangian) optimization algorithm is used to optimize the size of the main members of the support structure, and a more reasonable structural design is obtained. The weight of the optimized structure is reduced by 9%. (5) considering the stiffness effect of the structure, the modal analysis of the brace structure is carried out, and the natural frequency of the brace structure is obtained. The results show that the natural frequency of the braced structure avoids the excitation frequency of the hydraulic turbine and the vortex-induced vibration frequency of the main column, and the resonance of the structure will not occur. (6) the stability of braced columns in circumferential and axial direction is studied. Eigenvalue buckling analysis and double nonlinear buckling analysis are carried out respectively. The results show that the axial and circumferential loads do not exceed the critical buckling loads calculated by eigenvalue buckling and double nonlinear buckling analysis, and the buckling instability of the column structure will not occur. The calculation results show that the support structure designed in this paper is safe and reasonable. The research work in this paper provides a reference for the design and analysis of the bracing structure of gravity tidal turbine.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P743.1;TK730.2

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