颗粒态陆源有机物在长江口及其邻近海域的分布和迁移
发布时间：2019-06-03 19:34
【摘要】：本文利用颗粒态木质素作为生物标志物,结合粒度、叶绿素a(Chl-a)、颗粒态有机碳(OC%)、碳稳定同位素(δ13C)等参数对颗粒态陆源有机物在2012年长江大洪水、长江口和东海陆架区水体中的分布规律和迁移特征进行示踪研究。所测样品为：2012年7月长江大洪水时期表-底层悬浮颗粒物样品；2011年8月至2013年7月徐六泾每月定点观测所采集的表层悬浮颗粒物样品；2011年5月、7月和8月三个不同航次的长江口及东海陆架区悬浮颗粒物样品；2012年7月长江口航次表层悬浮颗粒物样品：2013年8月长江口及东海陆架区悬浮颗粒物样品。所有样品都进行了有机碳(OC%)、碳稳定同位素(δ13C)分析,以及颗粒态木质素的测定,部分航次样品进行了粒度以及叶绿素a(Chl-a)的测定。 结果表明：2012年7月长江大洪水期颗粒态有机物的来源和组成具有一定的时空分布特征。在来源上,干流上游颗粒物中的OC%含量较低,A8(颗粒态木质素中香草基酚类、紫丁香基酚类和肉桂基酚类相对于总有机碳的含量)值较高,颗粒态有机物主要来自于上游土壤和C3植物碎屑；中下游的颗粒态有机物主要来自于中下游土壤和浮游植物的现场生产；支流两湖一江地区,较高的OC%值和较低的A8值表明,浮游植物的现场生产是颗粒态有机物的主要来源。在组成上,大洪水期的颗粒态有机物样品相比较于正常年份和特枯年份,其(Ad/Al)v(木质素香草基酚类中的酸单体与醛单体含量的比值)值较高,表明经历了高度的降解过程。而在表-底层之间,由于长江洪水期特大的径流作用,使得表-底层之间被充分混合,在来源、组成和含量上没有明显差异。 夏季长江口及其邻近海域颗粒态有机物的分布受到盐度、总悬浮颗粒物(TSM)浓度以及最大浑浊带的影响。随着盐度增大,颗粒态陆源有机物相对于海源颗粒态有机物的贡献量逐渐下降。总悬浮颗粒物浓度的下降,降低了水体的浊度,提高了浮游生物的现场生产,海源颗粒态有机物的相对贡献量增加。颗粒态木质素在向海输送过程中会受到矿物组分、生物降解、浮游生物现场生产等各种因素的作用,使其组成成分和性质发生改变。最大浑浊带的底部再悬浮,局部改变了颗粒态陆源有机物向海输送过程中的信号。 东海陆架区水体中颗粒态木质素的含量在不同季节有不同的分布特征。夏季长江径流量大,颗粒态木质素含量高,维管束植物来源中有来自于被子植物的木本部分；春季长江径流量小,颗粒态木质素含量低,维管束植物来源主要来自于被子植物的草本部分,表明长江径流量大小是控制颗粒态陆源有机物在东海陆架区水体中分布的主控因素。河口区作为陆海相互作用的交界地带,也是颗粒态陆源有机物向海输送过程中的必经地区。颗粒态陆源有机物在经过该区域后,木质素含量迅速下降,组成特征(P/(V+S)、DHBA、S/V、(Ad/Al)v, Pn/P)也都发生了改变,表明河口区对颗粒态陆源有机物在向海输送过程中具有一定的改造作用。利用Lig6示踪颗粒态陆源有机物沿着长江冲淡水方向的迁移结果表明,长江冲淡水对颗粒态陆源有机物的最远输送距离可以达到距长江口约300km处。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the grain-state lignin is used as a biological marker, and the parameters such as the particle size, the chlorophyll a (Chl-a), the particulate organic carbon (OC%) and the carbon-stable isotope (FIG. 13C) are used for the large flood in the Yangtze River in 2012, The distribution and migration characteristics of the water in the Yangtze River estuary and the East China Sea shelf area are studied. The measured samples are: the July 2012 flood period of the Yangtze River, the bottom-layer suspended particulate matter sample, and the surface layer suspended particulate matter collected by the fixed-point observation from August 2011 to July 2013; Suspended particulate matter samples of the Yangtze and East China Sea shelf areas in May, July and August 2011; samples of surface-surface suspended particulate matter of the Changjiang Estuary in July,2012: sample of suspended particulate matter in the Changjiang Estuary and the East China Sea shelf area in August,2013. All samples were subjected to organic carbon (OC%), carbon stable isotope (13C) analysis, as well as the determination of particulate lignin, the particle size of some of the air samples and the determination of chlorophyll a (Chl-a). The results show that the source and composition of the particulate matter in the large flood period of the Yangtze River in July 2012 have a certain time-space distribution. The content of OC% in the upstream particulate matter of the main stream is lower, and A8 (the content of the vanilla-based phenols, the syringyl phenols and the cinnamyl phenols in the granular lignin with respect to the total organic carbon) is higher, and the particulate organic matter mainly comes from the upstream soil and the C3 plant. The granular organic matter in the middle and lower reaches of the middle and lower reaches mainly comes from the on-site production of the soil and the phytoplankton in the middle and lower reaches of the middle and lower reaches; the higher OC% value and the lower A8 value in the two-lake and one-river area of the tributaries indicate that the on-site production of the phytoplankton is the main source of the particulate organic matter The ratio of the content of the acid monomer to the aldehyde monomer in the (Ad/ Al) v (the content of the acid monomer and the aldehyde monomer in the lignin-based phenol) of the (Ad/ Al) v (the content of the acid monomer and the aldehyde monomer in the lignin-based phenol) is higher than that of the normal year and the special dry year, indicating that a high degree of degradation is experienced, Cheng. And between the table and the bottom layer, due to the large runoff effect in the flood period of the Yangtze River, the water is fully mixed between the table and the bottom layer, and there is no significant difference in the source, composition and content. The distribution of particulate matter in the Changjiang estuary and its adjacent sea area is affected by salinity, total suspended particulate matter (TSM) concentration and maximum turbidity zone. The influence of the particle-state land-source organic matter relative to the organic matter in the sea-source granular state increases with the increase of the salinity. the concentration of the total suspended particulate matter is reduced, the turbidity of the water body is reduced, the on-site production of the plankton is improved, the relative contribution of the sea-source granular organic matters is improved, The particle-state lignin can be influenced by various factors such as mineral component, biodegradation, and on-site production of plankton in the process of conveying to the sea, so that the composition and the property of the particle-state lignin Raw change. The bottom of the largest turbid zone is re-suspended, and the particle-state land-source organic matter is locally changed into the sea transport process The content of the particulate lignin in the body of the East China Sea shelf is different in different seasons. The runoff of the Yangtze River is large, the content of the granular lignin is high, and the plant source of the vascular bundle is from the woody part of the angiosperm; the runoff of the Yangtze River is small, the content of the granular lignin is low, and the plant source of the vascular bundle mainly comes from the angiosperm The herb part of the Yangtze River shows that the size of the runoff of the Yangtze River is to control the distribution of the granular land-source organic matter in the water in the continental shelf area of the East China Sea. The main control factor is that the estuary area is the boundary zone of the land-sea interaction, and is also the particle-state land-source organic matter to the sea transportation process After passing through the area, the lignin content of the granular land-source organic matter decreased rapidly, and the composition characteristics (P/ (V + S), DHBA, S/ V, (Ad/ Al) v, and Pn/ P) also changed. The results of the transfer of the organic matter in the water of the Yangtze River to the fresh water of the Yangtze River show that the most distant transport distance of the fresh water from the Yangtze River to the particle-state land-source organic matter can reach about 3 of the Yangtze River estuary.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X55;X52
本文编号：2492165
[Abstract]:In this paper, the grain-state lignin is used as a biological marker, and the parameters such as the particle size, the chlorophyll a (Chl-a), the particulate organic carbon (OC%) and the carbon-stable isotope (FIG. 13C) are used for the large flood in the Yangtze River in 2012, The distribution and migration characteristics of the water in the Yangtze River estuary and the East China Sea shelf area are studied. The measured samples are: the July 2012 flood period of the Yangtze River, the bottom-layer suspended particulate matter sample, and the surface layer suspended particulate matter collected by the fixed-point observation from August 2011 to July 2013; Suspended particulate matter samples of the Yangtze and East China Sea shelf areas in May, July and August 2011; samples of surface-surface suspended particulate matter of the Changjiang Estuary in July,2012: sample of suspended particulate matter in the Changjiang Estuary and the East China Sea shelf area in August,2013. All samples were subjected to organic carbon (OC%), carbon stable isotope (13C) analysis, as well as the determination of particulate lignin, the particle size of some of the air samples and the determination of chlorophyll a (Chl-a). The results show that the source and composition of the particulate matter in the large flood period of the Yangtze River in July 2012 have a certain time-space distribution. The content of OC% in the upstream particulate matter of the main stream is lower, and A8 (the content of the vanilla-based phenols, the syringyl phenols and the cinnamyl phenols in the granular lignin with respect to the total organic carbon) is higher, and the particulate organic matter mainly comes from the upstream soil and the C3 plant. The granular organic matter in the middle and lower reaches of the middle and lower reaches mainly comes from the on-site production of the soil and the phytoplankton in the middle and lower reaches of the middle and lower reaches; the higher OC% value and the lower A8 value in the two-lake and one-river area of the tributaries indicate that the on-site production of the phytoplankton is the main source of the particulate organic matter The ratio of the content of the acid monomer to the aldehyde monomer in the (Ad/ Al) v (the content of the acid monomer and the aldehyde monomer in the lignin-based phenol) of the (Ad/ Al) v (the content of the acid monomer and the aldehyde monomer in the lignin-based phenol) is higher than that of the normal year and the special dry year, indicating that a high degree of degradation is experienced, Cheng. And between the table and the bottom layer, due to the large runoff effect in the flood period of the Yangtze River, the water is fully mixed between the table and the bottom layer, and there is no significant difference in the source, composition and content. The distribution of particulate matter in the Changjiang estuary and its adjacent sea area is affected by salinity, total suspended particulate matter (TSM) concentration and maximum turbidity zone. The influence of the particle-state land-source organic matter relative to the organic matter in the sea-source granular state increases with the increase of the salinity. the concentration of the total suspended particulate matter is reduced, the turbidity of the water body is reduced, the on-site production of the plankton is improved, the relative contribution of the sea-source granular organic matters is improved, The particle-state lignin can be influenced by various factors such as mineral component, biodegradation, and on-site production of plankton in the process of conveying to the sea, so that the composition and the property of the particle-state lignin Raw change. The bottom of the largest turbid zone is re-suspended, and the particle-state land-source organic matter is locally changed into the sea transport process The content of the particulate lignin in the body of the East China Sea shelf is different in different seasons. The runoff of the Yangtze River is large, the content of the granular lignin is high, and the plant source of the vascular bundle is from the woody part of the angiosperm; the runoff of the Yangtze River is small, the content of the granular lignin is low, and the plant source of the vascular bundle mainly comes from the angiosperm The herb part of the Yangtze River shows that the size of the runoff of the Yangtze River is to control the distribution of the granular land-source organic matter in the water in the continental shelf area of the East China Sea. The main control factor is that the estuary area is the boundary zone of the land-sea interaction, and is also the particle-state land-source organic matter to the sea transportation process After passing through the area, the lignin content of the granular land-source organic matter decreased rapidly, and the composition characteristics (P/ (V + S), DHBA, S/ V, (Ad/ Al) v, and Pn/ P) also changed. The results of the transfer of the organic matter in the water of the Yangtze River to the fresh water of the Yangtze River show that the most distant transport distance of the fresh water from the Yangtze River to the particle-state land-source organic matter can reach about 3 of the Yangtze River estuary.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X55;X52
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