枸杞岛潮间带表层沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态危害

发布时间：2019-07-02 19:29

【摘要】：随着人为活动或干扰带来的污染物负荷的持续增加,海洋潮间带的环境压力日趋严重,然而重金属污染对潮间带的生态影响研究鲜见报道。以生物资源丰富的枸杞岛潮间带为研究区域,于2013年7月对7个站点表层沉积物中6种常见的重金属进行了调查,并通过单因子污染指数法、Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对污染现状及潜在生态危害进行了评价。结果表明,枸杞岛潮间带表层沉积物中Zn、Cu、As、Pb、Cd、Hg的平均质量比分别为91.33 mg/kg、34.12 mg/kg、6.62 mg/kg、4.40 mg/kg、2.14 mg/kg和0.04 mg/kg(干重)。除Cd超出我国GB 18668—2002《海洋沉积物质量标准》中的二类标准外,其余5种重金属质量比均满足一类标准。Cd、Hg和Pb的质量比在各站点间差异较大,Cu、Zn、As空间分布比较均匀。重金属残留水平与总有机碳质量分数有较明显的相关性,但与微粒径组分相关性不显著。污染及潜在生态风险评价结果都显示,Cd污染为中等到重度污染水平,其余重金属为轻微污染。总体来说枸杞岛潮间带沉积物生态风险较轻微,但存在Cd生态污染危害的风险。
[Abstract]:With the continuous increase of pollutant load caused by human activities or interference, the environmental pressure in the intertidal zone of the ocean is becoming more and more serious. However, there are few reports on the ecological impact of heavy metal pollution on the intertidal zone. Taking the intertidal zone of Lycium barbarum Island as the research area, six common heavy metals in the surface sediments of 7 stations were investigated in July 2013, and the pollution status and potential ecological hazards were evaluated by single factor pollution index method and Hakanson potential ecological hazard index method. The results showed that the average mass ratios of Zn,Cu,As,Pb,Cd,Hg in the intertidal sediments of Lycium barbarum Island were 91. 33 mg/kg,34.12 mg/kg,6.62 mg/kg,4.40 mg/kg,2.14 mg/kg and 0. 04 mg/kg (dry weight), respectively. Except that Cd exceeds the second standard of Marine sediment quality Standard 1868 / 2002 in China, the mass ratios of the other five heavy metals meet one kind of standard. The mass ratios of CD, Hg and Pb vary greatly among stations, and the spatial distribution of Cu,Zn,As is uniform. The residual level of heavy metals was significantly correlated with the total organic carbon content, but not with the particle diameter component. The results of pollution and potential ecological risk assessment showed that Cd pollution was moderate to severe pollution level, while other heavy metals were slightly polluted. Generally speaking, the ecological risk of intertidal sediments in Lycium barbarum Island is mild, but there is a risk of Cd ecological pollution.
【作者单位】：上海海洋大学海洋科学学院;上海市浦东新区环境监测站;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41176110) 国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201005013-3)
【分类号】：X55

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