石墨烯复合材料在电化学传感和超级电容器中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 23:15

本文关键词： 石墨烯复合材料葡萄糖无酶检测超级电容器金属氧化物　出处：《青岛科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：石墨烯作为目前最理想的二维纳米材料,具有独特的结构和众多优异性质,自发现已来就引起了全世界的研究热潮。石墨烯的二维结构非常适合不同形貌纳米材料的负载,并且其极好的电导率可以提高材料的导电性。多组分的复合材料可以发挥各组分的优势,实现不同材料之间的协同效应,弥补了单一材料无法满足各方面性能需求的缺点。各种方法被用来合成石墨烯复合材料,其中电化学方法具有成本低、操作简便、产物纯度高等优点,可以直接生长在不同的基底表面。本论文主要通过简单的电化学方法在泡沫镍表面控制合成具有较高电化学活性的石墨烯薄膜,进一步电化学合成具有优秀电化学性能的石墨烯/Co(OH)2纳米片复合材料和石墨烯/Mn2O3纳米片复合材料,并将其应用于电化学传感和超级电容器中。主要的研究结果如下：1.通过两步电沉积法成功制备了石墨烯/Co(OH)2纳米片复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射等手段证实了其结构与组成成分,以其作为电极材料应用于超级电容器中,交流阻抗测试表明石墨烯的加入提高了Co(OH)2纳米片的导电性。该电极材料在电流密度为2Ag-1时,比容量达到857.1 F g-1,并具有良好的循环稳定性。2.将得到的石墨烯/Co(OH)2纳米片复合材料应用于葡萄糖的无酶检测研究中。研究结果表明,石墨烯/Co(OH)2纳米片复合材料对葡萄糖具有超高的检测灵敏度,检测限低至0.1 μM(S/N-5),并具有良好的选择性和长期稳定性,有望用于实际样品中葡萄糖的无酶检测。3.通过电化学方法快速合成了石墨烯/Mn2O3纳米片复合材料。扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射等表征结果显示三维多孔Mn2O3纳米片均匀负载于石墨烯薄膜上。循环伏安测试表明,与单一材料相比,石墨烯/Mn2O3纳米片复合材料的电化学性能提高,这是两种材料协同作用的结果。充放电测试表明,石墨烯/Mn2O3纳米片复合材料的在1Ag-1下,比容量为114.3 F g-1,说明该电极材料有潜力应用于超级电容器中。
[Abstract]:Graphene as the most ideal two-dimensional nanomaterials has unique structure and many excellent properties. The two-dimensional structure of graphene is very suitable for the loading of nanomaterials with different morphologies. And its excellent conductivity can improve the conductivity of materials. Multicomponent composites can play the advantages of each component to achieve the synergy between different materials. All kinds of methods have been used to synthesize graphene composites, among which electrochemical method has the advantages of low cost, simple operation and high purity. In this thesis, graphene thin films with high electrochemical activity were synthesized on the surface of nickel foam by simple electrochemical method. Further electrochemical synthesis of graphene / CoCoOHf2 nanocomposites and graphene / Mn2O3 nanocomposites with excellent electrochemical properties was carried out. The main results are as follows: 1. Graphene / CoCoOH was successfully prepared by two-step electrodeposition method. (2) Nanosheet composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The structure and composition of the supercapacitors were confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, which were used as electrode materials in supercapacitors. Ac impedance test showed that the conductivity of Co(OH)2 nanoparticles was improved by the addition of graphene, and the specific capacity of the electrode material reached 857.1 F g -1 when the current density was 2 Ag-1. The graphene / CoCoOH2 nanocomposite was used in the enzymatic detection of glucose. The graphene / CoCoOH2 nanocomposite has a high sensitivity to glucose detection, the detection limit is as low as 0.1 渭 m ~ (-1) S / N ~ (-5), and it has good selectivity and long-term stability. It is expected to be used for enzymatic detection of glucose in practical samples. 3. Graphene / mn _ 2O _ 3 nanocomposites were synthesized by electrochemical method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to prepare graphene / mn _ 2O _ 3 nanocomposites. X-ray diffraction and other characterization results showed that three-dimensional porous Mn2O3 nanoparticles were uniformly loaded on graphene film. Cyclic voltammetry showed that compared with a single material. The electrochemical properties of graphene / mn _ 2O _ 3 nanocomposites were improved, which was the result of the synergistic effect of the two materials. The specific capacity of graphene / mn _ 2O _ 3 nanocomposites is 114.3 F g ~ (-1) at 1Ag-1, which indicates that the electrode material has the potential to be used in supercapacitors.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ127.11;TB33

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