抑菌性高通量正渗透膜的制备及其应用研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 13:48

本文关键词： 辣素衍生物抑菌性正渗透盐差能电渗析　出处：《中国海洋大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：膜技术应用日益增多,但生物污染和浓差极化一直困扰着膜技术的应用。生物污染需要制备具有抗菌表面的膜才能够从根本上解决,浓差极化则在较厚的膜上体现更加明显。因此,本实验制备了抗菌性膜和超薄型膜。能源日益枯竭背景下可再生能源利用和能量回收优势明显,盐差能利用与膜技术相相结合前景广阔,本实验利用正渗透技术处理电渗析高盐浓缩室溶液不仅回收了能源,同时减少了废水排放引起的污染。本文对紫外光引发表面接枝方法制备的抑菌性正渗透膜进行了研究,考察了照射时间对膜性能的影响。在此之前对正渗透评价条件进行了测试,得到最佳方法进行后续实验。结果表明,使用N-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-苄基)丙烯酰胺(HMBA)作为改性剂,随着照射时间的延长,膜亲水性越来越好,接触角从70°逐渐降至40°,水通量从17 LMH大幅提高到36 LMH,盐通量从28 LMH小幅提高到32 LMH。抑菌率也逐渐上升,照射时间为10 min时抑菌率已接近100%。本实验制备了一种新型无支撑高通量正渗透膜并表征。该膜不具备传统意义上的致密皮层,而是在聚酯筛网孔中发生界面聚合反应,形成厚度60μm左右的正渗透膜,有效降低了内浓差极化,并且制作工艺简单。结果表明,界面聚合层的加入有效改善了膜的渗透性能和亲水性,水通量可以达到50 LMH,接触角由110°直接降低到70°以下。本文对正渗透技术在盐差能发电中的应用进行了研究。以在实验室中进行的膜评价结果为依据,制作单支膜小型试验装置,对实验管路设计的合理性进行论证,然后进一步设计盐差能发电样机。结果表明,单支膜性能测试装置运行稳定,管路设计合理,将盐差能样机设计在软件中模拟和调试,也未见异常。测试结果,水通量为3.14 LMH,盐通量为3.58 gMH,理论能量密度为1.13 W/m2,即至少需要9支膜才能够达到发电量需求。本文将正渗透技术与电渗析联用处理氨基酸发酵母液。先考察了电流密度和料液流量对脱盐率和回收率的影响,又对正渗透技术浓缩脱盐室溶液的可行性进行了论证。结果表明,电流密度越大,氨基酸回收率越低,脱盐率越高；流量增大,氨基酸回收率和脱盐率变化不大。浓缩脱盐室溶液实验水通量为25LMH,运行6h后原料液体积减为初始值的一半,有利十原料液浓缩提纯,可行性较好。
[Abstract]:The application of membrane technology is increasing day by day, but biological pollution and concentration polarization have been puzzling the application of membrane technology. The concentration polarization is more obvious on the thicker film. Therefore, antibacterial film and ultra-thin membrane were prepared in this experiment. Under the background of energy depletion, the advantages of renewable energy utilization and energy recovery were obvious. The use of salt difference energy and membrane technology has a bright future. In this experiment, the solution of electrodialysis high salt concentration chamber is treated by normal osmotic technology, and not only energy is recovered, but also the energy is recovered. At the same time, the pollution caused by wastewater discharge was reduced. In this paper, the bacteriostasis positive osmotic membrane prepared by UV-induced surface grafting was studied. The effects of irradiation time on the properties of the membrane were investigated. The optimum conditions of normal osmotic evaluation were tested and the best method was obtained for further experiments. The results showed that N-HMBA) was used as modifier, and N- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzyl) acrylamide was used as modifier. With the prolongation of irradiation time, the hydrophilicity of the membrane became better and better, the contact angle decreased from 70 掳to 40 掳, the water flux increased significantly from 17 LMH to 36 LMH, and the salt flux increased slightly from 28 LMH to 32 LMH. When irradiation time was 10 min, the bacteriostasis rate was close to 100%. A novel unsupported high flux positive osmotic membrane was prepared and characterized. The membrane does not have the traditional dense cortex, but interfacial polymerization occurs in the pore of polyester sieve mesh. The formation of a normal permeable membrane with thickness of about 60 渭 m can effectively reduce the internal concentration polarization and the preparation process is simple. The results show that the addition of the interfacial polymerization layer can effectively improve the permeability and hydrophilicity of the membrane. The water flux can reach 50 LMH and the contact angle is reduced directly from 110 掳to less than 70 掳. In this paper, the application of normal osmotic technology in salt differential energy generation is studied. The rationality of the design of the experimental pipeline is demonstrated, and then the prototype of salt-difference energy generation is designed. The results show that the single-branch membrane performance testing device runs stably and the pipeline design is reasonable, and the design of the salt-difference energy prototype is simulated and debugged in the software. No exceptions. Test results, Water flux is 3.14 LMH, salt flux is 3.58 g MH, theoretical energy density is 1.13 W / m ~ (2), that is to say, at least 9 membranes are needed to meet the demand of electricity production. In this paper, the normal osmotic technique and electrodialysis are combined to treat amino acid fermentation mother liquor. First, the current is investigated. Effects of density and feed flow rate on desalination rate and recovery rate, The feasibility of concentrating desalination chamber solution by normal osmotic technique is also demonstrated. The results show that the higher the current density, the lower the amino acid recovery, the higher the desalination rate and the higher the flow rate. The recovery rate of amino acids and desalination rate were not changed. The experimental water flux of concentrated desalination chamber was 25LMH, and the volume of raw material solution was reduced to half of the initial value after 6 hours of operation.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ051.893

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