淀粉环氧化改性及其对玻纤复材界面性能影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 07:49

本文关键词： 淀粉化学改性浸润剂环氧树脂玻纤复合材料　出处：《西南科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：玻纤作为一种性能优异的环境友好型无机非金属材料,被广泛地应用到各个领域,是航空航天、国防、民用等行业不可或缺的增强材料。而浸润剂是玻纤行业的核心,起到了润滑和保护玻纤纱线、赋予玻纤集束性与合股性等作用,既满足了玻纤的后序加工作业,又能增强玻纤与环氧树脂基体之间的界面粘接性。本实验主要选取玉米淀粉作为实验原料,通过环氧树脂对淀粉进行化学改性,结合红外、黏度、表面张力、接触角、断裂强度、形貌分析等测试手段,探究了环氧化改性后淀粉浸润剂的性能,及其对玻纤性能的影响。并进一步研究了其对玻纤复材界面性能的影响,通过复合材料断面扫描、力学性能及热学性能等表征,对比了几种不同玻纤制得的复合材料性能的区别。本文通过单因素变量和正交分析法确定了体系的最佳反应工艺,解决了纺织型浸润剂用于增强时需要进行烧退处理等复杂工艺的难题。各项性能测试结果表明,淀粉浸润剂的稳定性、涂覆效果、断裂强度等都有了很大的提高。(1)环氧树脂E-44改性玉米淀粉体系:玉米淀粉淀粉含量20 g,环氧树脂E-44含量为10wt.%,NaOH含量为2 g,反应温度为95 oC,反应时间为8 h时,浸润剂的各项测试性能结果最佳,此时浸润剂的黏度、表面张力和接触角分别为18.0 m Pa·S、51.90 mN·m~(-1)和38.93°,浸润后的玻纤纱线力学性能有很大提升,断裂强度值达0.42 N·tex~(-1)。(2)环氧树脂E-51改性玉米淀粉体系:综合文献中环氧树脂改性玉米淀粉的制备,通过单因素变量和正交实验分析得到改性玉米淀粉的最宜条件,取玉米淀粉淀粉20 g,环氧树脂E-51 10wt.%,NaOH 2 g,在95 oC下反应8 h,制备出最优样品。环氧化改性后的浸润剂能更有效地铺展在玻纤表面,此时浸润剂的黏度、表面张力和接触角分别为7.50 m Pa·S、40.05 mN·m~(-1)和32.63°,浸润后的玻纤纱线力学性能有很大提升,断裂强度值达0.45 N·tex~(-1)。(3)环氧基玻纤复合材料体系:综合文献中环氧基玻纤复材界面性能的提升方法,用环氧树脂改性淀粉体系的最佳样品制得复合材料。测试结果表明,经环氧化改性淀粉浸润剂涂覆后的玻纤,与环氧基之间的界面粘接性有了提升,制得的环氧基玻纤复材力学性能与热学性能也有提高。环氧树脂体系E-44,相较纯树脂,环氧化改性淀粉浸润剂涂覆型玻纤制备出的环氧基玻纤复材,拉伸强度提升了60%,弯曲强度提升了22%,冲击强度提升了72%,玻璃化转变温度提升了4.23oC。E-51环氧树脂体系,相比纯E-51环氧树脂,环氧化改性淀粉浸润剂涂覆后的玻纤制备出的环氧基玻纤复材,拉伸强度提升了61%,弯曲强度提升了33%,冲击强度提升了73%,玻璃化转变温度提升了7.31oC。两个体系的环氧基玻纤复材的测试结果均表明,改性之后,玻纤复材界面的粘接性有了提升,力学性能与热学性能也有很大的提高。且各项性能测试结果E-51体系均优于E-44体系,表明环氧树脂E-51更适宜应用到淀粉环氧化改性及环氧基玻纤复合材料领域。本研究为增强型浸润剂及玻纤复材的深入研究提供了一定的参考。
[Abstract]:Glass fiber as a kind of excellent environment-friendly inorganic non-metallic materials, has been widely applied to various fields, aerospace, defense, reinforced civilian industry indispensable. And the wetting agent is the core of the glass industry, the lubrication and protection of glass fiber yarn, glass fiber bundle and given the role of partnership that not only meet the follow-up processing of glass fiber, and can enhance the interfacial adhesion between glass fiber and epoxy resin matrix. This paper selected corn starch as raw materials, through chemical modification of starch epoxy resin combined with infrared, viscosity, surface tension, contact angle, fracture strength, morphology analysis and other test methods the inquiry, theepoxidation starch sizing properties of glass fiber, and its influence on the performance. And further research the influence of glass fiber composite interfacial properties of the composite materials by scanning, The mechanical properties and thermal property characterization, compares the performance of the composite material prepared by different kinds of glass fiber. The best reaction system was determined by single factor and orthogonal analysis method, to solve the problem for textile sizing enhancement requires fever processing and complex process. The test results show that the performance of starch sizing agent, stability, coating effect, fracture strength has been greatly improved. (1) E-44 epoxy resin modified corn starch system: starch corn starch content of 20 g, E-44 content of epoxy resin is 10wt.%, the content of NaOH is 2 g, the reaction temperature is 95 oC, the reaction time was 8 h the results of the test, wetting agent at the best performance, sizing viscosity, surface tension and contact angle were 18 m and 51.90 Pa S, mN m~ (-1) and 38.93 degrees, glass fiber yarn mechanical infiltration after the fault is greatly improved. Tensile strength value of 0.42 N - tex~ (-1). (2) E-51 epoxy resin modified corn starch system: corn starch modified with epoxy resin in the preparation of comprehensive literature, through single factor and orthogonal experiment analysis to obtain the optimal conditions of modified corn starch, corn starch 20 g, epoxy resin E-51 10wt.%, NaOH 2 g, the reaction at 95 oC 8 h, prepared by the optimal sample. The epoxidation of modified sizing agent can effectively spread on glass fiber surface, the wetting agent viscosity, surface tension and contact angle were 7.50 m and 40.05 Pa S, mN m~ (-1) and 32.63 degrees, the mechanical properties of glass fiber yarn infiltration is greatly improved. The fracture strength value of 0.45 N - tex~ (-1). (3) system of epoxy glass fiber composite material: methods to enhance the interfacial properties of the epoxy group of fiberglass complex comprehensive literature, the best sample prepared composite modified starch with epoxy resin system the test results. Show that with glass fiber epoxidation of modified starch sizing agent after coating, and the interfacial adhesion between the epoxy groups have been improved, the performance of mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy glass fiber material prepared by composite is improved. Compared with pure epoxy resin E-44, epoxy resin, glass fiber ring oxidation modified starch prepared by infiltration agent coating system glass fiber composites, the tensile strength increased by 60%, the flexural strength increased by 22%, the impact strength increased by 72%, the glass transition temperature increased by 4.23oC.E-51 compared with pure epoxy resin, epoxy resin E-51, epoxy glass fiber prepared by epoxidation of modified starch sizing agent coated glass fiber made of composite material the tensile strength, bending strength increased by 61%, increased by 33%, the impact strength increased by 73%, the test results of glass transition temperature of the epoxy glass fiber two lifting system of 7.31oC. composites showed that after modification, glass fiber composite adhesive interface Earth has improved, the mechanical properties and thermal properties have greatly improved. And the performance test results of E-51 system are better than the E-44 system show that E-51 is more suitable for the application of epoxy resin to starch epoxidation modification and epoxy glass composite materials. Provide some references for further study of this research for enhanced composite material wetting agent and glass fiber.

【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ171.777.77

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