直接甲醇燃料电池用高性能含硅无皂乳液的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-02-17 07:00

本文关键词： 直接甲醇燃料电池质子交换膜有机-无机无皂乳液　出处：《吉林农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文首先以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料,通过溶胶凝胶法制备纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)。然后通过无皂核壳乳液聚合的方法,以纳米SiO2为核心,以水为溶剂,使用2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)及三种单体(α-甲基丙烯酸(MA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA))作为壳层聚合物的反应物,以过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,最终合成一种具有高效能的有机-无机复合含硅丙烯酸酯聚合物无皂核壳乳液。本文分别研究了在不同AMPS和SiO2含量条件下制备出的无皂核壳乳液的性质,并对乳液及其成膜后的结构性质进行表征,同时,对其作为直接甲醇燃料电池用质子交换膜的性能进行了表征,以期为环境友好型且质优价廉的质子交换膜的研究做一些努力和尝试。质子交换膜被视为直接甲醇燃料电池的核心部件之一,是近年来燃料电池膜研究的一个热点问题,而用来制备质子交换膜的材料除了传统的全氟磺酸型质子交换膜、部分含氟磺化质子交换膜、非氟磺化质子交换膜外,兼具有机和无机材料二者优良特性的复合型质子交换膜也越来越受到研究者们的广泛关注。本文正是出于这种考虑,希望能在制备一种用于质子交换膜的环境友好型高效能有机-无机聚合物膜方面做一些努力和贡献。本研究的主要内容有:(1)利用无皂乳液聚合法制备了具有不同AMPS含量的有机-无机复合含硅丙烯酸酯聚合物核壳乳液,并通过红外分析(FTIR)、粒度分布、热重分析(TGA)、透射电镜(TEM)、吸水率、甲醇吸收、甲醇渗透性和质子传导率等对有机-无机聚合物复合膜的结构及性质进行了表征;(2)利用无皂乳液聚合法制备了具有不同SiO2含量的有机-无机复合含硅丙烯酸酯聚合物核壳乳液,并利用多种方法对其结构及性质进行了一系列的表征测试。实验结果表明,制备的有机-无机复合含硅丙烯酸酯聚合物膜在热稳定性、阻醇性能以及选择性上均展现出了较好的特性。本研究合成的环境友好型高效能含硅无皂乳液膜材料在直接甲醇燃料电池中具有很好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:In this paper, nanometer silica (SiO2) was prepared by sol-gel method using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as raw material, and then, by soap-free core-shell emulsion polymerization, nanometer SiO2 was used as core and water as solvent. AMPS (2-acrylamide group) and three monomers (MAA, BA, MMA) were used as the reactants of the shell polymer, and ammonium persulfate (APS) was used as the initiator. Finally, a soap-free core-shell emulsion of organic-inorganic composite silicon-acrylate polymer was synthesized. The properties of soap-free core-shell emulsion prepared under different AMPS and SiO2 contents were studied. The structure and properties of the emulsion and its film were characterized, and the properties of the proton exchange membrane used as a direct methanol fuel cell were also characterized. In order to make some efforts and try for the research of environment-friendly and inexpensive proton exchange membrane, proton exchange membrane is regarded as one of the core components of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), which is a hot issue in the research of fuel cell membrane in recent years. In addition to traditional perfluorinated sulfonic acid proton exchange membranes, some fluorinated sulfonated proton exchange membranes and non-fluorinated sulfonated proton exchange membranes are used to prepare proton exchange membranes. The composite proton exchange membrane with excellent properties of both organic and inorganic materials has attracted more and more attention of researchers. It is hoped that some efforts and contributions can be made in the preparation of an environment-friendly organic-inorganic polymer membrane for proton exchange membranes. The main contents of this study are: 1) the emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization method has been used to prepare different kinds of organic-inorganic polymer membranes. AMPS content of organic-inorganic composite silicone acrylate polymer core-shell emulsion, FTIR, particle size distribution, thermogravimetric analysis, TGA, TEM, water absorption, methanol absorption, The structure and properties of organic-inorganic polymer composite membranes were characterized by methanol permeability and proton conductivity. Soap-free emulsion polymerization was used to prepare organic-inorganic composite silicon-containing acrylate core-shell emulsion with different SiO2 content. The structure and properties of the films were characterized by a series of methods. The results showed that the thermal stability of the organic-inorganic composite silicon-containing acrylate polymer films was observed. The synthesis of environment-friendly high efficiency silicone soap-free emulsion film has a good application prospect in direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM911.4;TQ316.334

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