负载生物质炭溶氧阴极MFC产电性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 02:09

  本文选题：微生物燃料电池　切入点：生物质炭　出处：《兰州理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：微生物燃料电池(Microbial fuel cell,MFC)技术是一种利用阳极产电菌为催化剂,通过微生物代谢功能,将产电底物(有机物/无机物)中的化学能转化为电能的燃料电池技术。该技术具有处理污水的环境增益效果,同时兼具产电能力,是一种新型清洁环保技术。MFC由于其原料来源广泛、运行条件温和、能量利用高效等特点已成为国内外的研发热点。本文针对MFC系统,选取了3种生物质原料,通过热解的方式制备了生物质炭材料作为阴极催化剂,并结合物理化学表征手段,对它们的结构及化学组成进行了研究。依据其在溶氧阴极MFC的产电效果,进一步研究了生物质炭在溶氧阴极MFC中催化阴极氧还原(Oxygen reduction reaction,ORR)的产电性能,效果良好。主要结论如下:(1)确定了作为MFC阴极催化剂生物质炭的制备方法及最佳温度。选取富含氮的马尾藻为原料,在不同温度(400~800℃)条件下,采用两步法制备了不同温度的马尾藻生物质炭(SAC)催化剂(SAC-400,SAC-600,SAC-800)。结合物理表征、化学表征以及它们在电池中的应用效果,对其性能进行分析。结果显示:不同制备温度条件的生物质炭催化剂ORR性能大小依次为:SAC-600SAC-800SAC-400,表明SAC-600具有更加优秀的ORR催化性能,SAC催化剂的最佳制备温度条件为600℃。(2)研究了3种生物质原料制备MFC阴极生物质炭催化剂的性能及其在空气阴极MFC系统中的产电效果。在获得最佳碳化温度基础上,选取600℃为制备温度,以XC-72R炭黑为对照组,考察了采用两步法制备马尾藻生物质炭(SAC),江蓠生物质炭(SGC),青贮能源草生物质炭(SCC)材料催化剂的ORR性能及其在MFC系统中的产电特性。结果表明:SAC的最大功率为2.61 W/m~3,内阻为200Ω,XC-72R的最大功率为2.17 W/m~3,内阻为200Ω,SCC的最大功率为1.83 W/m~3,内阻为400Ω,GCC的最大输出功率为1.35 W/m~3,内阻为200Ω。几种不同生物基催化剂在MFC中的最大功率密度依次为:SACXC-72RSCCGCC。(3)研究了生物质炭催化剂在溶氧阴极MFC系统中的产电性能。优选SAC-600为阴极催化剂构建了溶氧阴极MFC。结果表明:负载生物质炭的溶氧阴极MFC启动快,启动时间为:24 h,最高电压以及最大功率密度分别为450 m V和0.552 W/m~3,超过未负载生物质炭溶氧阴极MFC的最高电压及最大功率密度58 m V和0.128 W/m~3。
[Abstract]:Microbial fuel cell (MFCs) technology is a kind of microbial metabolic function, which uses anodic electrogen-producing bacteria as catalyst. A fuel cell technology that converts the chemical energy of electrical substrates (organic / inorganic) into electrical energy. The technology has the environmental gain effect of treating sewage and the ability to produce electricity. MFC is a new clean and environmental protection technology, which has become the research and development hotspot at home and abroad because of its wide source of raw materials, mild operating conditions and high efficiency of energy utilization. In this paper, three kinds of biomass raw materials are selected for the MFC system. Biomass carbon materials were prepared by pyrolysis as cathode catalysts, and their structure and chemical composition were studied by physicochemical characterization. The electrical properties of biomass carbon for oxygen reduction reactionation in dissolved oxygen cathode (MFC) were further studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the preparation method and optimum temperature of biomass carbon as MFC cathode catalyst were determined. The nitrogen-rich sargassum was selected as raw material and the temperature was 400 鈩，

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