混凝土夹心秸秆砌块试点建筑保温性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 13:56

本文选题：混凝土夹心秸秆砌块　切入点：建筑能耗　出处：《山东农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：能源短缺是制约社会经济发展的短板,合理有效使用能源是人类可持续发展必须坚持的原则。在我国经济高速发展的背景下,一次能源消费量急剧增加,而建筑能耗占社会总能耗的30%左右,并且这一比例有持续上升的趋势,所以建筑领域的节能潜力很大,对进一步加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会以及保障我国能源安全意义重大。在建筑能耗中,农村住宅由于经济科技水平限制,建筑能耗水平一直居高不下,但其节能潜力较大,未来也是建筑节能工作的重点。在建筑节能材料快速发展的背景下,混凝土夹心秸秆砌块作为一种新型墙体自保温材料,在严寒地区、寒冷地区使用推广,符合墙体节能改革的需要,具有广阔的市场和应用前景。本文的一系列研究为该砌块在农村住宅中广泛应用提供试验依据及数值模拟依据。混凝土夹心秸秆砌块的研究有着重大的学术价值、工程意义和经济效益。近年由于农民生活方式的改变,大量农作物秸秆被堆弃、焚烧,已成为PM2.5主要来源之一,对人民的生存环境造成了一定的不利影响。黄淮海地区村镇建筑多采用粘土烧结砖、普通混凝土空心砌块等块材,粘土烧结砖耗费大量能源与土地资源,普通混凝土空心砌块热工性能差。因此,开发利用混凝土夹心秸秆砌块这种新型节能建材,对于减少围护结构传热,降低建筑物的耗能,达到节能环保目标有重要意义。针对以上问题与现状,课题组利用农作物秸秆制备绿色保温建材、改善村镇建筑热湿环境方面开展了许多研究工作。本文的研究对象是新型节能建筑——混凝土夹心秸秆砌块房屋,通过试验测定其耗冷量指标及采暖耗电量指标,对其保温性能和吸放湿性能展开试验研究,探明混凝土夹心秸秆砌块房屋的整体保温节能性能。前期主要通过物理实验对房屋耗能测试,后期通过我国自主研发的建筑能耗模拟软件DeST对试验进行模拟分析,对比分析混凝土夹心秸秆砌块房屋的保温性能。并用DeST分析建筑物的层高、朝向、窗墙比、窗户类型、墙体材料对建筑物的能耗影响。希望本文的研究能对寒冷地区乃至整个夏热冬冷地区建筑节能工作的开展提供部分理论依据和工程应用价值。
[Abstract]:Energy shortage is a short board that restricts the social and economic development. The rational and effective use of energy is the principle that must be adhered to in the sustainable development of human beings. Under the background of rapid economic development in China, the consumption of primary energy increases sharply. And building energy consumption accounts for about 30% of the total energy consumption in society, and this proportion has a continuous rising trend. Therefore, the energy saving potential in the construction field is very large, which will further accelerate the construction of resource-conserving type. Environmental friendly society and the protection of energy security in China are of great significance. In building energy consumption, the energy consumption level of rural residential buildings has been high due to the restriction of economic and technological level, but its energy saving potential is great. In the background of the rapid development of building energy-saving materials, the concrete sandwich straw block, as a new type of wall self-insulation material, is widely used in cold areas and cold areas. In line with the wall energy conservation reform needs, A series of studies in this paper provide experimental basis and numerical simulation basis for the wide application of this block in rural housing. The research of concrete sandwich straw block has great academic value. Engineering significance and economic benefit. In recent years, due to the change of farmers' lifestyle, a large number of crop stalks have been dumped and burned, which has become one of the main sources of PM2.5. The village buildings in Huanghuai and Huai Hai areas often use clay sintered bricks, ordinary concrete hollow blocks and other blocks. Clay sintered bricks consume a great deal of energy and land resources. The thermal performance of ordinary concrete hollow block is poor. Therefore, the development and utilization of concrete sandwich straw block, a new energy saving building material, can reduce heat transfer in enclosure structure and reduce building energy consumption. It is of great significance to achieve the goal of energy saving and environmental protection. In view of the above problems and the present situation, the research group used crop straw to prepare green thermal insulation building materials. A lot of research work has been carried out to improve the thermal and wet environment of village buildings. The research object of this paper is a new type of energy-saving building-concrete sandwich straw block building. The cooling consumption index and heating power consumption index are measured through experiments. The performance of heat preservation and moisture absorption and desorption is studied, and the whole heat preservation and energy saving performance of the concrete sandwich straw block building is proved. The energy consumption of the building is mainly tested by physical experiments in the early stage. In the later period, the test was simulated and analyzed by the building energy consumption simulation software DeST developed by our country, and the thermal insulation performance of the concrete sandwich straw block building was compared and analyzed. The height, orientation, window wall ratio, window type of the building were analyzed by DeST. It is hoped that the research in this paper can provide some theoretical basis and engineering application value for the development of building energy conservation in cold areas and even in the whole hot summer and cold winter areas.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU522.3

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