钠钙玻璃机械化学磨损的机理研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 06:10

本文选题：摩擦学　切入点：纳米摩擦学　出处：《西南交通大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：钠钙玻璃基于其优异的光学、机械和化学等性能,已被广泛应用于建筑、太阳能和超精密制造等领域。在钠钙玻璃的精密加工中,典型的精密抛光(如化学机械抛光)过程涉及玻璃表面复杂的机械化学去除问题。此外,风化磨损问题使得钠钙玻璃太阳能基板服役寿命仅为预期的30%,磨损问题使得建筑用钠钙玻璃表面服役寿命也仅为预期的30%。然而,目前国内外关于钠钙玻璃表面磨损机理的研究较为缺乏。因此,为了全面深入理解钠钙玻璃磨损的行为与机理,亟需开展钠钙玻璃表面机械化学磨损规律及机理等方面的研究。相关研究成果不仅有助于理解和调控钠钙玻璃表面在精密抛光过程中的去除行为,改善其在建筑和太阳能等领域服役过程中的抗磨损性能,而且有助于丰富微观摩擦学的基础理论体系。本文主要针对钠钙玻璃表面损伤和材料去除的机械化学磨损问题,首先借助宏观磨损设备,开展了Na+析出及其与H3O+的离子交换作用、对磨副表面活性对钠钙玻璃表面材料去除影响机制的研究。在此基础上,借助原子力显微镜,揭示了钠钙玻璃表面材料在微观条件下的机械化学磨损的行为与机理。最后,基于上述理论研究结果,借助热电场处理对钠钙玻璃表面Na+浓度分布的调控,开展了表面Na+浓度改变对钠钙玻璃摩擦学性能影响规律的研究。本论文通过系统地研究钠钙玻璃表面机械化学磨损的行为与机理,得出的主要结论和创新点如下：(1)阐明了Na+析出及其与H30+的离子交换作用对钠钙玻璃表面材料去除的影响机制。在湿空气中,钠钙玻璃表面的摩擦化学磨损随着湿度的增加而减小。通过对比其他成分玻璃表面的磨损规律发现,无析出性Na+的玻璃(熔融石英玻璃、AF45玻璃和BF33玻璃)基底的摩擦化学磨损随环境湿度的增加而增大。通过钠钙玻璃在不同H30+含量环境中的磨损规律发现,在湿空气中,钠钙玻璃表面的磨损随着湿度的增加而逐渐减小,在液下,钠钙玻璃表面的磨损随着pH值的减小而减小。分析表明,钠钙玻璃表面在高湿度下磨损量的减小,主要归因于表面Na+析出及其与环境中的H30+发生离子交换造成了其表面压应力的提高。(2)揭示了对磨副表面活性对钠钙玻璃表面机械化学磨损的影响规律和作用机制。在干燥环境中,钠钙玻璃界面的磨损以机械磨损为主,并且会对钠钙玻璃基底造成深且粗糙的磨痕。然而,在潮湿空气中,比钠钙玻璃硬度高的对磨副材料出现了磨损行为,而玻璃基底的损伤却比较轻微,表明对磨副材料与钠钙玻璃的磨损以机械化学磨损为主。进一步的研究表明,对磨副表面活性对钠钙玻璃的磨损有很大影响。当对磨副与钠钙玻璃的化学性质接近时,更容易诱发钠钙玻璃表面Na+析出及其与H30+的离子交换反应,从而使得玻璃表面出现较为剧烈的摩擦化学磨损。(3)阐明了钠钙玻璃在微观条件下的机械化学磨损的行为与机理,并建立了钠钙玻璃微观磨损与宏观磨损的内在联系。通过调控环境湿度、载荷和对磨副等实验工况,分别实现了钠钙玻璃在微观条件下的机械磨损、应力腐蚀磨损和摩擦化学磨损。当钠钙玻璃与化学惰性的金刚石探针在惰性气氛(真空)环境下进行微观磨损实验时,钠钙玻璃的磨损以机械磨损为主,钠钙玻璃在低载下的损伤形式为凸起,随着载荷的增加,表面的损伤形式转变为沟槽。当钠钙玻璃与化学惰性的金刚石探针在活性气氛(大气)环境下进行微观磨损实验时,钠钙玻璃的磨损以应力腐蚀为主。当钠钙玻璃与化学活性的二氧化硅探针在大气环境下进行微观磨损实验时,钠钙玻璃的磨损以摩擦化学磨损为主,损伤特征为沟槽的形成。钠钙玻璃微观磨损与宏观磨损结果不同,不仅与宏观磨损中的多点接触模式有关,而且与界面磨屑的作用也密切相关。(4)提出了通过改变钠钙玻璃表层Na+浓度分布来调控其表面摩擦学性能的新方法。经过热电场处理后,钠钙玻璃的阳极和阴极表面分别形成了Na+缺失和Na+梯度增加的表面层。当钠钙玻璃表层Na+的浓度降低时,表面的纳米硬度和弹性模量降低,抗纳米划痕性能也降低,在潮湿空气中的摩擦化学磨损随着湿度的增加而增大。当钠钙玻璃表层Na+的浓度形成梯度增加时,表面的纳米硬度、弹性模量和抗纳米划痕性能有轻微的增加,在潮湿空气下的化学磨损能进一步被抑制。综上所述,本论文系统的开展了钠钙玻璃表面机械化学磨损的行为与机理研究,相关研究成果不仅可为延长钠钙玻璃的服役寿命和可靠性以及揭示材料微观去除机理提供理论依据和科学指导,而且有助于补充和完善纳米摩擦学和微纳制造的基础理论体系。
[Abstract]:Sodium calcium glass based on its excellent optical, mechanical and chemical properties, has been widely used in building, solar energy and other fields. In the ultra precision manufacturing precision machining of sodium calcium glass, precision polishing typical (such as chemical mechanical polishing process involves mechanical chemical) glass surface complex removal. In addition, weathering the wear problem of sodium calcium glass substrate solar service life of only 30% of expected, the wear problem makes the building with sodium calcium glass surface service life is only expected 30%. however, at home and abroad about the lack of researches on surface wear mechanism of sodium calcium glass. Therefore, in order to fully understand the sodium calcium glass wear behavior and Mechanism Study on sodium calcium glass surface mechanical, chemical wear regularity and mechanism etc.. An urgent need to carry out related research results not only helps to understand and control the sodium calcium glass surface in precision polishing process The removal behavior, improve the service wear resistance in the process of building and solar energy and other fields, but also helps to enrich the theoretical system of micro tribology foundation. This paper is mainly for chemical mechanical abrasion of the surface damage and removal of sodium calcium glass material, by means of macro wear equipment, carry out and precipitation of Na+ ion and H3O+ the exchange, on the surface side of grinding active sodium calcium glass surface material removal mechanism. On this basis, using atomic force microscopy, sodium calcium glass surface materials in the micro conditions of mechanical chemical wear behavior and mechanism was revealed. Finally, the theoretical research based on the results of using thermoelectric field on sodium calcium glass surface Na+ concentration distribution regulation, carry out the surface Na+ concentration change study the influence on the tribological properties of sodium calcium glass. This paper through the systematic research of sodium The surface mechanical wear calcium glass chemical behavior and mechanism, the main conclusions and innovations are as follows: (1) the precipitation of Na+ and H30+ and ion exchange interaction effects on the mechanism of removal of sodium calcium glass surface material. In wet air, sodium calcium glass surface friction chemical wear decreases with the increase of humidity by contrast to other components. The wear rule of the glass surface, no precipitation of Na+ glass (fused quartz glass, AF45 glass and BF33 glass) chemical base friction and wear with humidity increasing. The sodium calcium glass wear rule in the environment of different H30+ content in found in wet air, wear sodium calcium glass surface as the humidity increases and decreases gradually in the liquid, wear sodium calcium glass surface decreases with the decrease of pH value. The analysis shows that the sodium calcium glass surface under high humidity wear quantity reduction Small, mainly due to the precipitation of Na+ surface and the environment in the H30+ ion exchange caused the surface compressive stress increased. (2) revealed on the active surface of the grinding side law and mechanism of effect of sodium calcium glass surface mechanical chemical wear. In the dry environment, wear sodium calcium glass interface the mechanical wear, and the wear scar will cause deep and rough on the sodium calcium glass substrate. However, in the humid air, than the sodium calcium glass high hardness of the friction pair materials appeared wear behavior and glass substrate damage is relatively minor, according to Deputy wear materials and sodium calcium glass to the chemical mechanical wear. Further research shows, have great impact on the activity of grinding surface sodium calcium glass wear. When close to the chemical properties of the friction pair and sodium calcium glass, easier ion induced surface Na+ sodium calcium glass precipitation and H30+ Exchange reaction, so that the glass surface friction and wear chemical more intense. (3) the sodium calcium glass in the micro conditions of chemical mechanical wear behavior and mechanism, and the establishment of internal connection of sodium calcium glass micro wear and macro wear. Through the regulation of environmental humidity, and the load of the friction pair test working conditions are realized in the micro mechanical wear sodium calcium glass under the condition of stress corrosion, wear and chemical wear friction. When the sodium calcium glass and chemically inert diamond probe in an inert atmosphere (vacuum) under the environment of micro wear test, the wear sodium calcium glass to mechanical wear and damage form of sodium calcium glass under low load is raised, with the increase of load, damage of the surface form into the slot. When the sodium calcium glass and chemically inert diamond probe in the active atmosphere (atmospheric) under the environment of micro wear test When wear sodium calcium glass to stress corrosion. When the silica probe sodium calcium glass and chemical activity of micro wear test under atmospheric environment, wear sodium calcium glass with tribochemical wear, damage characteristics of trench formation. Sodium calcium glass micro and macro wear wear different results, not only with the multi point contact mode macro wear, it is also closely related to the interface of debris. (4) proposed a new method by changing the sodium calcium glass surface Na+ concentration to control the surface tribological properties of thermoelectric field. After processing, the anode and the cathode surface sodium calcium glass were formed on the surface deletion of Na+ and Na+ layer increased. When the concentration gradient of sodium calcium glass surface of Na+ is reduced, reducing the surface nano hardness and elastic modulus, anti nano scratch performance also decreases, friction in the moist air, wear With increasing humidity increased. When the concentration of sodium calcium glass surface Na+ gradient increases, the surface hardness, elastic modulus and resistance properties of nano scratch with a slight increase in the humid air under chemical erosion can be further suppressed. In summary, this thesis carried out the research of surface mechanical behavior and mechanism of sodium calcium glass chemical wear, relevant research results can not only prolong the service life and reliability of the sodium calcium glass material and reveal the microscopic removal mechanism and provide a theoretical basis and scientific guidance, and help to supplement and improve the nano tribology theory and micro nano manufacturing system.

【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ171.1

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