氮气压缩机防喘振控制系统设计优化及DCS实现

发布时间：2018-03-30 10:22

本文选题：压缩机　切入点：喘振　出处：《兰州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着工业氮气在金属冶炼、化学工业、石油开采、煤化工、机械加工等领域中使用越来越广泛,对氮气生产中的关键设备氮气压缩机防喘振控制变得越来越重要。怎样控制氮气压缩机使其最稳定、高效、节能、环保是目前氮气工业生产中的一大难题。本文以兰州石化公司4#6000空分装置氮气压缩机防喘振控制为研究背景,以目前防喘振控制中存在的主要问题为出发点。对离心式压缩机产生喘振的原因进行了分析,总结了目前压缩机防喘振控制的主要方法,在此基础上对几种控制方法进行了详细比较,并结合4#6000空分装置氮气压缩机喘振曲线方程,确定出针对此机组最适用的防喘振控制方案。根据确定的方案分解参数后,运用分类递进的方法设计出了最优的防喘振控制的算法,并绘制出了氮气压缩机防喘振控制的方框图。通过与传统控制方式的比较,将防喘振控制由传统的控制防喘阀,改变为控制入口导叶。此外,方案确定后又进一步分析了防喘振操作过程中容易出现的问题,针对问题介绍了压缩机安全保护逻辑。最后又利用横河CS-3000 DCS系统实现了防喘振控制,通过现场实际运行,检验了控制效果并提出了下一步优化的方向。本文对类似机组的防喘振控制设计、DCS编程组态及机组操作控制都具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:With the increasing use of industrial nitrogen in metal smelting, chemical industry, petroleum mining, coal chemical industry, mechanical processing and other fields, It is becoming more and more important to prevent surge control of nitrogen compressor, which is the key equipment in nitrogen production. How to control nitrogen compressor to make it most stable, efficient, energy saving, Environmental protection is a difficult problem in the production of nitrogen gas. This paper takes the anti-surge control of the nitrogen compressor in the #6000 air separation unit of Lanzhou Petrochemical Company as the research background. Based on the main problems existing in anti-surge control at present, the causes of surge of centrifugal compressor are analyzed, and the main methods of anti-surge control of compressor are summarized. On this basis, several control methods are compared in detail. Combined with the surge curve equation of #6000 air separation unit nitrogen compressor, the most suitable anti-surge control scheme for this unit is determined. The optimal anti-surge control algorithm is designed by using the classified progressive method, and the block diagram of anti-surge control of nitrogen compressor is drawn. By comparing with the traditional control method, the anti-surge control is controlled by the traditional anti-surge valve. It is changed to control the inlet guide vane. In addition, after the scheme is determined, the problems of anti-surge operation are further analyzed. The logic of compressor safety protection is introduced. Finally, the anti-surge control is realized by using Yokogawa CS-3000 DCS system. The control effect is tested and the direction of further optimization is put forward. This paper has some reference significance for the design of anti-surge control of similar units DCS programming configuration and unit operation control.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ116.15

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